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The sampling of probability distributions specified up to a normalization constant is an important problem in both machine learning and statistical mechanics. While classical stochastic sampling methods such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-27 Hao Wu , Jonas Köhler , Frank Noé

Flow-based generative models leverage invertible generator functions to fit a distribution to the training data using maximum likelihood. Despite their use in several application domains, robustness of these models to adversarial attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Phillip Pope , Yogesh Balaji , Soheil Feizi

Normalizing flows transform a latent distribution through an invertible neural network for a flexible and pleasingly simple approach to generative modelling, while preserving an exact likelihood. We propose FlowGMM, an end-to-end approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Pavel Izmailov , Polina Kirichenko , Marc Finzi , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Normalizing flows are a class of generative models that enable exact likelihood evaluation. While these models have already found various applications in particle physics, normalizing flows are not flexible enough to model many of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-07 Rob Verheyen

Reinforcement learning has gained traction for active flow control tasks, with initial applications exploring drag mitigation via flow field augmentation around a two-dimensional cylinder. RL has since been extended to more complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Marius Kurz , Rohan Kaushik , Marcel Blind , Patrick Kopper , Anna Schwarz , Felix Rodach , Andrea Beck

Sampling-based motion planning is the predominant paradigm in many real-world robotic applications, but its performance is immensely dependent on the quality of the samples. The majority of traditional planners are inefficient as they use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Tin Lai , Fabio Ramos

Efficient sampling of complex data distributions can be achieved using trained invertible flows (IF), where the model distribution is generated by pushing a simple base distribution through multiple non-linear bijective transformations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Daniel O'Connor , Walter Vinci

We introduce RGFlow, a deep neural network-based real-space renormalization group (RG) framework tailored for continuum scalar field theories. Leveraging generative capabilities of flow-based neural networks, RGFlow autonomously learns…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-04-29 Yueqi Zhao , Michael M. Fogler , Yi-Zhuang You

Normalizing flows (NF) are a class of powerful generative models that have gained popularity in recent years due to their ability to model complex distributions with high flexibility and expressiveness. In this work, we introduce a new type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jonas Köhler , Michele Invernizzi , Pim de Haan , Frank Noé

Sampling from unnormalized probability densities is a central challenge in computational science. Boltzmann generators are generative models that enable independent sampling from the Boltzmann distribution of physical systems at a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Henrik Schopmans , Christopher von Klitzing , Pascal Friederich

Training deep learning models takes an extremely long execution time and consumes large amounts of computing resources. At the same time, recent research proposed systems and compilers that are expected to decrease deep learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Sean Parker , Sami Alabed , Eiko Yoneki

Although many deep-learning-based super-resolution approaches have been proposed in recent years, because no ground truth is available in the inference stage, few can quantify the errors and uncertainties of the super-resolved results. For…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-10 Jingyi Shen , Han-Wei Shen

It is well known that deep generative models have a rich latent space, and that it is possible to smoothly manipulate their outputs by traversing this latent space. Recently, architectures have emerged that allow for more complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Andrew Gambardella , Atılım Güneş Baydin , Philip H. S. Torr

Recently, flow-based generative models have shown superior efficiency compared to diffusion models. In this paper, we study rectified flow models, which constrain transport trajectories to be linear from the base distribution to the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Hari Krishna Sahoo , Mudit Gaur , Vaneet Aggarwal

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) are recently proposed models for learning stochastic policies that generate compositional objects by sequences of actions with the probability proportional to a given reward function. The central problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Anh Do , Duy Dinh , Tan Nguyen , Khuong Nguyen , Stanley Osher , Nhat Ho

In the past few years, deep generative models, such as generative adversarial networks \autocite{GAN}, variational autoencoders \autocite{vaepaper}, and their variants, have seen wide adoption for the task of modelling complex data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-02 Guilherme G. P. Freitas Pires , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Estimating causal effects from observational data has become increasingly critical in diverse fields including healthcare, economics, and social policy. The fundamental challenge in causal inference arises from the missing counterfactuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yifei Xie , Jian Huang

Generative models can have distinct mode of failures like mode dropping and low quality samples, which cannot be captured by a single scalar metric. To address this, recent works propose evaluating generative models using precision and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Alexandre Verine , Benjamin Negrevergne , Muni Sreenivas Pydi , Yann Chevaleyre

We propose ReinFlow, a simple yet effective online reinforcement learning (RL) framework that fine-tunes a family of flow matching policies for continuous robotic control. Derived from rigorous RL theory, ReinFlow injects learnable noise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tonghe Zhang , Chao Yu , Sichang Su , Yu Wang

Generative models that can model and predict sequences of future events can, in principle, learn to capture complex real-world phenomena, such as physical interactions. However, a central challenge in video prediction is that the future is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Manoj Kumar , Mohammad Babaeizadeh , Dumitru Erhan , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine , Laurent Dinh , Durk Kingma