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Non-invasive gaze estimation methods usually regress gaze directions directly from a single face or eye image. However, due to important variabilities in eye shapes and inner eye structures amongst individuals, universal models obtain…
Existing work for plan trace visualization in automated planning uses pipeline-style visualizations, similar to plans in Gantt charts. Such visualization do not capture the domain structure or dependencies between the various fluents and…
A witness drawing of a graph is a visualization that clearly shows a given property of a graph. We study and implement various drawing paradigms for witness drawings to clearly show that graphs have bounded pathwidth or treewidth. Our…
Previous studies have illustrated the potential of analysing gaze behaviours in collaborative learning to provide educationally meaningful information for students to reflect on their learning. Over the past decades, machine learning…
Humans utilize their gaze to concentrate on essential information while perceiving and interpreting intentions in videos. Incorporating human gaze into computational algorithms can significantly enhance model performance in video…
Visualization literacy assessments typically rely on correctness to classify performance, providing little evidence about how readers arrive at their answers. We argue that gaze can address this gap as an implicit process signal that…
Time series data are prevalent across various domains and often encompass large datasets containing multiple time-dependent features in each sample. Exploring time-varying data is critical for data science practitioners aiming to understand…
We investigate reading strategies for node-link diagrams that wrap around the boundaries in a flattened torus topology by examining eye tracking data recorded in a previous controlled study. Prior work showed that torus drawing affords…
Researchers got success in mining the Web usage data effectively and efficiently. But representation of the mined patterns is often not in a form suitable for direct human consumption. Hence mechanisms and tools that can represent mined…
Gaze target detection aims to predict the image location where the person is looking and the probability that a gaze is out of the scene. Several works have tackled this task by regressing a gaze heatmap centered on the gaze location,…
Appearance-based gaze estimation aims to predict the 3D eye gaze direction from a single image. While recent deep learning-based approaches have demonstrated excellent performance, they usually assume one calibrated face in each input image…
Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding visual content, yet their ability to predict where humans look on user interfaces remains unexplored. We present UIGaze, a study investigating how closely…
One of the most fundamental and information-laden actions humans do is to look at objects. However, a survey of current works reveals that existing gaze-related datasets annotate only the pixel being looked at, and not the boundaries of a…
One of the major challenges for evaluating the effectiveness of data visualizations and visual analytics tools arises from the fact that different users may be using these tools for different tasks. In this paper, we present a simple…
The literature describes many visualization techniques for different types of data, tasks, and application contexts, and new techniques are proposed on a regular basis. Visualization surveys try to capture the immense space of techniques…
Appearance-based gaze estimation, which uses only a regular camera to estimate human gaze, is important in various application fields. While the technique faces data bias issues, data collection protocol is often demanding, and collecting…
Human-Object Interaction (HOI) detection devotes to learn how humans interact with surrounding objects via inferring triplets of < human, verb, object >. However, recent HOI detection methods mostly rely on additional annotations (e.g.,…
In this paper, we present an analysis of eye gaze patterns pertaining to visual cues in augmented reality (AR) for head-mounted displays (HMDs). We conducted an experimental study involving a picking and assembly task, which was guided by…
Gaze following estimates gaze targets of in-scene person by understanding human behavior and scene information. Existing methods usually analyze scene images for gaze following. However, compared with visual images, audio also provides…
This paper presents an explainable AI (XAI) system that provides explanations for its predictions. The system consists of two key components -- namely, the prediction And-Or graph (AOG) model for recognizing and localizing concepts of…