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A constructive method is given for obtaining cospectral vertices in undirected graphs, along with an operation that preserves this construction. We prove that the construction yields cospectral vertices, as well as strongly cospectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-07 Onur Ege Erden , Fatihcan M. Atay

Assumed to be undirected, simple, and connected are all of the graphs in this study, and adjacency matrix $A$ serves as the associated matrix. In this paper we show that it is possible to relate a creation sequence for a type of cographs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-09 Santanu Mandal , Ranjit Mehatari

Motivated by discrete Laplacian differential operators with various accuracy orders in numerical analysis, we introduce new matrices attached to a simple graph that can be considered graph Laplacians with higher accuracy. In particular, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Mary Yoon

Several researchers have recently explored various graph parameters that can or cannot be characterized by the spectrum of a matrix associated with a graph. In this paper we show that several NP-hard zero forcing numbers are not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-25 Aida Abiad , Boris Brimkov , Jane Breen , Thomas R. Cameron , Himanshu Gupta , Ralihe R. Villagrán

We describe an algorithm that we used to compute the q-expansions of all weight 2 cusp forms of prime level at most 2,000,000 and dimension at most 6. We also present an algorithm that we used to verify that there was only one cusp form of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-08 Alex Cowan

Coalescing involves gluing one or more rooted graphs onto another graph. Under specific conditions, it is possible to start with cospectral graphs that are coalesced in similar ways that will result in new cospectral graphs. We present a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Sajid Bin Mahamud , Steve Butler , Hannah Graff , Nick Layman , Taylor Luck , Jiah Jin , Noah Owen , Angela Yuan

This paper gives a tight upper bound on the spectral radius of the signless Laplacian of graphs of given order and clique number. More precisely, let G be a graph of order n, let A be its adjacency matrix, and let D be the diagonal matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-20 Nair Maria Maia de Abreu , Vladimir Nikiforov

We provide a new family of $K_k$-free pseudorandom graphs with edge density $\Theta(n^{-1/(k-1)})$, matching a recent construction due to Bishnoi, Ihringer and Pepe. As in the former result, the idea is to use large subgraphs of polarity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Sam Mattheus , Francesco Pavese

The family of graphs that can be constructed from isolated vertices by disjoint union and graph join operations are called cographs. These graphs can be represented in a tree-like representation termed parse tree or cotree. In this paper,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Kona Harshita , N. Sadagopan

Gaussian graphical models have become a well-recognized tool for the analysis of conditional independencies within a set of continuous random variables. From an inferential point of view, it is important to realize that they are composite…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-30 Jan Draisma , Sonja Kuhnt , Piotr Zwiernik

A Bayesian approach is used to estimate the covariance matrix of Gaussian data. Ideas from Gaussian graphical models and model selection are used to construct a prior for the covariance matrix that is a mixture over all decomposable graphs.…

Methodology · Statistics 2007-06-12 Helen Armstrong , Christopher K. Carter , Kevin F. Wong , Robert Kohn

For all $k \geq 3$, we show how one can explicitly construct an infinite family of $k$-regular graphs all of which have second largest eigenvalue satisfying the bound $O(k^{1/2})$. This resolves an open problem of Reingold, Vadhan and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-06 Adrian Dudek

We show an inequality involving the third largest or second smallest dual eigenvalues of $Q$-polynomial association schemes of class at least three. Also we characterize dual-tight $Q$-polynomial association schemes of class three. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-28 Sho Suda

A clique coloring of a graph is an assignment of colors to its vertices such that no maximal clique is monochromatic. We initiate the study of structural parameterizations of the Clique Coloring problem which asks whether a given graph has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Lars Jaffke , Paloma T. Lima , Geevarghese Philip

We investigate structural and combinatorial properties of Bi-Cayley graphs defined over cyclic groups of order $p^2q^2$, where $p$ and $q$ are distinct primes. We begin by describing their fundamental group-theoretic underpinnings. The main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Iqbal Atmaja , Yeni Susanti , Ahmad Erfanian

Let $\Gamma_k(V)$ be the Grassmann graph whose vertex set is formed by all $k$-dimensional subspaces of an $n$-dimensional vector space $V$ over the finite field $F_q$ consisting of $q$ elements. We discuss its subgraph $\Pi(n,k)_q$ formed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Edyta Bartnicka

In this article, we generate large families of non-isomorphic and signless Lalacian cospectral graphs using partial transpose on graphs. Our constructions are significantly powerful. More than $70\%$ of non-isomorphic signless-Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Supriyo Dutta

We consider the maximum chromatic number of hypergraphs consisting of cliques that have pairwise small intersections. Designs of the appropriate parameters produce optimal constructions, but these are known to exist only when the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-12 Dhruv Mubayi , Jacques Verstraete

We define the \emph{visual complexity} of a plane graph drawing to be the number of basic geometric objects needed to represent all its edges. In particular, one object may represent multiple edges (e.g., one needs only one line segment to…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Gregor Hültenschmidt , Philipp Kindermann , Wouter Meulemans , André Schulz

We solve the graph bi-partitioning problem in dense graphs with arbitrary degree distribution using the replica method. We find the cut-size to scale universally with <k^1/2>. In contrast, earlier results studying the problem in graphs with…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-12-11 Joerg Reichardt , Stefan Bornholdt