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Bipedal humanoid robots must precisely coordinate balance, timing, and contact decisions when locomoting on constrained footholds such as stepping stones, beams, and planks -- even minor errors can lead to catastrophic failure. Classical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Min Dai , William D. Compton , Junheng Li , Lizhi Yang , Aaron D. Ames

Human motion provides rich priors for training general-purpose humanoid control policies, but raw demonstrations are often incompatible with a robot's kinematics and dynamics, limiting their direct use. We present a two-stage pipeline for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Hanwen Wang , Qiayuan Liao , Bike Zhang , Kunzhao Ren , Koushil Sreenath , Xiaobin Xiong

This paper presents a framework that leverages both control theory and machine learning to obtain stable and robust bipedal locomotion without the need for manual parameter tuning. Traditionally, gaits are generated through trajectory…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Maegan Tucker , Noel Csomay-Shanklin , Wen-Loong Ma , Aaron D. Ames

This study investigates formal-method-based trajectory optimization (TO) for bipedal locomotion, focusing on scenarios where the robot encounters external perturbations at unforeseen times. Our key research question centers around the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Zhaoyuan Gu , Rongming Guo , William Yates , Yipu Chen , Ye Zhao

When do locomotion controllers require reasoning about nonlinearities? In this work, we show that a whole-body model-predictive controller using a simple linear time-invariant approximation of the whole-body dynamics is able to execute…

Deployment of robotic systems in the real world requires a certain level of robustness in order to deal with uncertainty factors, such as mismatches in the dynamics model, noise in sensor readings, and communication delays. Some approaches…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Henrique Ferrolho , Vladimir Ivan , Wolfgang Merkt , Ioannis Havoutis , Sethu Vijayakumar

We have been developing human-sized biped robots based on passive dynamic mechanisms. In human locomotion, the muscles activate at the same rate relative to the gait cycle during running. To achieve adaptive running for robots, such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yusuke Sakurai , Tomoya Kamimura , Yuki Sakamoto , Shohei Nishii , Kodai Sato , Yuta Fujiwara , Akihito Sano

In this paper, we present a new model of biped locomotion which is composed of three linear pendulums (one per leg and one for the whole upper body) to describe stance, swing and torso dynamics. In addition to double support, this model has…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-05-11 Salman Faraji , Auke J. Ijspeert

Legged robots have the potential to become vital in maintenance, home support, and exploration scenarios. In order to interact with and manipulate their environments, most legged robots are equipped with a dedicated robot arm, which means…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Philip Arm , Mayank Mittal , Hendrik Kolvenbach , Marco Hutter

Global position control for underactuated bipedal walking is a challenging problem due to the lack of actuation on the feet of the robots. In this paper, we apply the Hybrid-Linear Inverted Pendulum (H-LIP) based stepping on 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Xiaobin Xiong , Jenna Reher , Aaron Ames

Humanoid robots are well suited for human habitats due to their morphological similarity, but developing controllers for them is a challenging task that involves multiple sub-problems, such as control, planning and perception. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-11 K. Niranjan Kumar , Irfan Essa , Sehoon Ha

Humanoid robots are capable of performing various actions such as greeting, dancing and even backflipping. However, these motions are often hard-coded or specifically trained, which limits their versatility. In this work, we present…

Loco-manipulation is a fundamental challenge for humanoid robots to achieve versatile interactions in human environments. Although recent studies have made significant progress in humanoid whole-body control, loco-manipulation remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yuhui Fu , Feiyang Xie , Chaoyi Xu , Jing Xiong , Haoqi Yuan , Zongqing Lu

Posture control and balance are basic requirements for a humanoid robot performing motor tasks like walking and interacting with the environment. For this reason, posture control is one of the elements taken into account when evaluating the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Vittorio Lippi , Christoph Maurer , Thomas Mergner

Humanoid robots, capable of assuming human roles in various workplaces, have become essential to embodied intelligence. However, as robots with complex physical structures, learning a control model that can operate robustly across diverse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sixu Lin , Guanren Qiao , Yunxin Tai , Ang Li , Kui Jia , Guiliang Liu

While humans are highly capable of recovering from external disturbances and uncertainties that result in large tracking errors, humanoid robots have yet to reliably mimic this level of robustness. Essential to this is the ability to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Robert J. Griffin , Georg Wiedebach , Sylvain Bertrand , Alexander Leonessa , Jerry Pratt

We propose a method to generate actuation plans for a reduced order, dynamic model of bipedal running. This method explicitly enforces robustness to ground uncertainty. The plan generated is not a fixed body trajectory that is aggressively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Kevin Green , Ross L. Hatton , Jonathan Hurst

Achieving stable bipedal walking on surfaces with unknown motion remains a challenging control problem due to the hybrid, time-varying, partially unknown dynamics of the robot and the difficulty of accurate state and surface motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jacob Stewart , I-Chia Chang , Yan Gu , Petros A. Ioannou

Robots operating in human environments need various skills, like slow and fast walking, turning, side-stepping, and many more. However, building robot controllers that can exhibit such a large range of behaviors is a challenging problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Tianyu Li , Jungdam Won , Sehoon Ha , Akshara Rai

This paper presents a new learning framework that leverages the knowledge from imitation learning, deep reinforcement learning, and control theories to achieve human-style locomotion that is natural, dynamic, and robust for humanoids. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Chuanyu Yang , Kai Yuan , Shuai Heng , Taku Komura , Zhibin Li