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Modern Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms promise to solve difficult motor control problems directly from raw sensory inputs. Their attraction is due in part to the fact that they can represent a general class of methods that allow to…

Humanoid robots are expected to operate reliably over long horizons while executing versatile whole-body skills. Yet Reinforcement Learning (RL) motion policies typically lose stability under prolonged operation, sensor/actuator noise, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yang Zhang , Zhanxiang Cao , Buqing Nie , Haoyang Li , Zhong Jiangwei , Qiao Sun , Xiaoyi Hu , Xiaokang Yang , Yue Gao

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) has enabled adaptable and agile quadruped locomotion; however, policies often converge to a single gait, leading to suboptimal performance. Traditionally, Model Predictive Control (MPC) has been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Prakrut Kotecha , Ganga Nair B , Shishir Kolathaya

Learning-based approaches have recently shown notable success in legged locomotion. However, these approaches often lack accountability, necessitating empirical tests to determine their effectiveness. In this work, we are interested in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Xingpeng Xia , Jason J. Choi , Ayush Agrawal , Koushil Sreenath , Claire J. Tomlin , Somil Bansal

This paper presents a novel model-free reinforcement learning (RL) framework to design feedback control policies for 3D bipedal walking. Existing RL algorithms are often trained in an end-to-end manner or rely on prior knowledge of some…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Guillermo A. Castillo , Bowen Weng , Wei Zhang , Ayonga Hereid

The aim of this paper is to study the reward based policy exploration problem in a supervised learning approach and enable robots to form complex movement trajectories in challenging reward settings and search spaces. For this, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-10 M. Tuluhan Akbulut , Utku Bozdogan , Ahmet Tekden , Emre Ugur

Quadruped robots have shown remarkable mobility on various terrains through reinforcement learning. Yet, in the presence of sparse footholds and risky terrains such as stepping stones and balance beams, which require precise foot placement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Chong Zhang , Nikita Rudin , David Hoeller , Marco Hutter

Stable bipedal walking is a key prerequisite for humanoid robots to reach their potential of being versatile helpers in our everyday environments. Bipedal walking is, however, a complex motion that requires the coordination of many degrees…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Marcell Missura , Maren Bennewitz , Sven Behnke

The complexity of a legged robot's environment or task can inform how specialised its gait must be to ensure success. Evolving specialised robotic gaits demands many evaluations - acceptable for computer simulations, but not for physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Tønnes Frostad Nygaard , Charles Patrick Martin , Jim Torresen , Kyrre Glette

Deep reinforcement learning has emerged as a popular and powerful way to develop locomotion controllers for quadruped robots. Common approaches have largely focused on learning actions directly in joint space, or learning to modify and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Guillaume Bellegarda , Yiyu Chen , Zhuochen Liu , Quan Nguyen

First-order reinforcement learning with differentiable simulation is promising for quadrotor control, but practical progress remains fragmented across task-specific settings. To support more systematic development and evaluation, we present…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Fanxing Li , Fangyu Sun , Tianbao Zhang , Shuyu Wu , Dexin Zuo , yufei Yan , Wenxian Yu , Danping Zou

In this paper, we examine the effects of goal representation on the performance and generalization in multi-gait policy learning settings for legged robots. To study this problem in isolation, we cast the policy learning problem as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Michal Ciebielski , Federico Burgio , Majid Khadiv

Humanoid robots deployed in industrial environments are required to perform load-carrying transportation tasks that tightly couple locomotion and manipulation. However, achieving stable and robust locomotion under varying payloads and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lequn Fu , Yijun Zhong , Xiao Li , Yibin Liu , Zhiyuan Xu , Jian Tang , Shiqi Li

Legged robots are becoming increasingly powerful and popular in recent years for their potential to bring the mobility of autonomous agents to the next level. This work presents a deep reinforcement learning approach that learns a robust…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Zhaocheng Liu , Fernando Acero , Zhibin Li

Legged robots must achieve both robust locomotion and energy efficiency to be practical in real-world environments. Yet controllers trained in simulation often fail to transfer reliably, and most existing approaches neglect…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Filip Bjelonic , Fabian Tischhauser , Marco Hutter

Achieving expressive and generalizable whole-body motion control is essential for deploying humanoid robots in real-world environments. In this work, we propose UniTracker, a three-stage training framework that enables robust and scalable…

Recently reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for quadrupedal locomotion, which can save the manual effort in conventional approaches such as designing skill-specific controllers. However, due to the complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Haojie Shi , Bo Zhou , Hongsheng Zeng , Fan Wang , Yueqiang Dong , Jiangyong Li , Kang Wang , Hao Tian , Max Q. -H. Meng

The integration of Supernumerary Limbs (SLs) on humanoid robots poses a significant stability challenge due to the dynamic perturbations they introduce. This thesis addresses this issue by designing a novel hierarchical control architecture…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Bowen Zhi

Reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly advanced the control of physics-based and robotic characters that track kinematic reference motion. However, methods typically rely on a weighted sum of conflicting reward functions, requiring…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Lucas N. Alegre , Agon Serifi , Ruben Grandia , David Müller , Espen Knoop , Moritz Bächer

In this paper, we propose a cost-matching approach for optimal humanoid locomotion within a Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework. A parameterized MPC formulation with centroidal dynamics is trained to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Wenqi Cai , Kyriakos G. Vamvoudakis , Sébastien Gros , Anthony Tzes