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Agentic AI has significantly extended the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by enabling complex reasoning and tool use. However, most existing frameworks are tailored to domains such as mathematics, coding, or web automation, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Md Hasebul Hasan , Mahir Labib Dihan , Tanzima Hashem , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Md Rizwan Parvez

Solving complex reasoning tasks may involve visual understanding, domain knowledge retrieval, numerical calculation, and multi-step reasoning. Existing methods augment large language models (LLMs) with external tools but are restricted to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Pan Lu , Bowen Chen , Sheng Liu , Rahul Thapa , Joseph Boen , James Zou

Autonomous multi-agent systems based on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in independently solving complex tasks in a wide breadth of application domains. However, these systems hit critical reasoning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Evan Rose , Tushin Mallick , Matthew D. Laws , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Alina Oprea

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to deliver accurate and actionable answers when user-provided information is incomplete or ill-specified. We propose a new interaction paradigm, First Ask Then Answer (FATA), in which, through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Chuanruo Fu , Yuncheng Du

Complex table question answering (TQA) aims to answer questions that require complex reasoning, such as multi-step or multi-category reasoning, over data represented in tabular form. Previous approaches demonstrated notable performance by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Wei Zhou , Mohsen Mesgar , Annemarie Friedrich , Heike Adel

The construction of high-quality parallel corpora for translation research has increasingly evolved from simple sentence alignment to complex, multi-layered annotation tasks. This methodological shift presents significant challenges for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Baorong Huang , Ali Asiri

General-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in intelligence, performing comparably to human experts on complex reasoning tasks such as coding and mathematical reasoning. However, generating formal proofs in…

Can a single LLM-based optimization system match specialized tools across fundamentally different domains? We show that when optimization problems are formulated as improving a text artifact evaluated by a scoring function, a single…

Most existing prompting methods suffer from the issues of generalizability and consistency, as they often rely on instance-specific solutions that may not be applicable to other instances and lack task-level consistency across the selected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Chang Gao , Haiyun Jiang , Deng Cai , Shuming Shi , Wai Lam

We propose Quantum-informed Tensor Adaptation (QuanTA), a novel, easy-to-implement, fine-tuning method with no inference overhead for large-scale pre-trained language models. By leveraging quantum-inspired methods derived from quantum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zhuo Chen , Rumen Dangovski , Charlotte Loh , Owen Dugan , Di Luo , Marin Soljačić

Open-source pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong language understanding and generation capabilities, making them highly successful in a variety of tasks. However, when used as agents for dealing with complex problems in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Qinhao Zhou , Zihan Zhang , Xiang Xiang , Ke Wang , Yuchuan Wu , Yongbin Li

Generalization across Agentic tool-calling environments remains a key unsolved challenge in developing reliable agentic reasoning systems. While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on isolated benchmarks, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Vishvesh Bhat , Omkar Ghugarkar , Julian McAuley

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in organizing and executing complex tasks, and many such agents are now widely used in various application scenarios. However, developing these agents requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Chenglin Yu , Yang Yu , Songmiao Wang , Yucheng Wang , Yifan Yang , Jinjia Li , Ming Li , Hongxia Yang

Autonomous agents play a crucial role in advancing Artificial General Intelligence, enabling problem decomposition and tool orchestration through Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing paradigms face a critical trade-off. On one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinzhou Tang , Jusheng Zhang , Qinhan Lv , Sidi Liu , Jing Yang , Chengpei Tang , Keze Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in general natural language processing tasks but often fall short in complex reasoning tasks. Recent studies have explored human-like problem-solving strategies, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zhenran Xu , Senbao Shi , Baotian Hu , Jindi Yu , Dongfang Li , Min Zhang , Yuxiang Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved reasonable quality improvements in machine translation (MT). However, most current research on MT-LLMs still faces significant challenges in maintaining translation consistency and accuracy when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yutong Wang , Jiali Zeng , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Min Zhang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has driven a transition from traditional rule-based systems to autonomous agentic systems capable of solving complex problems. However, systematic progress is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiale Guo , Suizhi Huang , Mei Li , Dong Huang , Xingsheng Chen , Regina Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Han Yu , Siu-Ming Yiu , Pietro Lio , Kwok-Yan Lam

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to solve a wide range of practical tasks within multi-agent systems. However, existing human-designed multi-agent frameworks are typically limited to a small set of pre-defined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yaolun Zhang , Xiaogeng Liu , Chaowei Xiao

This paper surveys the development of large language model (LLM)-based agents for question answering (QA). Traditional agents face significant limitations, including substantial data requirements and difficulty in generalizing to new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Murong Yue

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized recommendation agents by providing superior reasoning and flexible decision-making capabilities. However, existing methods mainly follow a passive information acquisition paradigm, where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Haobo Zhang , Yutao Zhu , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Zhicheng Dou