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Training recurrent neural networks (RNNs) remains a challenge due to the instability of gradients across long time horizons, which can lead to exploding and vanishing gradients. Recent research has linked these problems to the values of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Rainer Engelken

Due to inappropriate sample selection and limited training data, a distribution shift often exists between the training and test sets. This shift can adversely affect the test performance of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Rui Ding , Jielong Yang , Feng Ji , Xionghu Zhong , Linbo Xie

Anomalous diffusion occurs in many physical and biological phenomena, when the growth of the mean squared displacement (MSD) with time has an exponent different from one. We show that recurrent neural networks (RNN) can efficiently…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-24 Stefano Bo , Falko Schmidt , Ralf Eichhorn , Giovanni Volpe

There is an implicit assumption that by unfolding recurrent neural networks (RNN) in finite time, the misspecification of choosing a zero value for the initial hidden state is mitigated by later time steps. This assumption has been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Sam Wenke , Jim Fleming

We present an architecture of a recurrent neural network (RNN) with a fully-connected deep neural network (DNN) as its feature extractor. The RNN is equipped with both causal temporal prediction and non-causal look-ahead, via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-03-07 Jianshu Chen , Li Deng

In this work, we present the Grounded Recurrent Neural Network (GRNN), a recurrent neural network architecture for multi-label prediction which explicitly ties labels to specific dimensions of the recurrent hidden state (we call this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-25 Ankit Vani , Yacine Jernite , David Sontag

To model time-varying nonlinear temporal dynamics in sequential data, a recurrent network capable of varying and adjusting the recurrence depth between input intervals is examined. The recurrence depth is extended by several intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-15 Hyunsin Park , Chang D. Yoo

Deep neural networks are known to suffer from exploding or vanishing gradients as depth increases, a phenomenon closely tied to the spectral behavior of the input-output Jacobian. Prior work has identified critical initialization schemes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Benjamin Dadoun , Soufiane Hayou , Hanan Salam , Mohamed El Amine Seddik , Pierre Youssef

In recurrent neural networks (RNNs) used to model biological neural networks, noise is typically introduced during training to emulate biological variability and regularize learning. The expectation is that removing the noise at test time…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Noah Eckstein , Manoj Srinivasan

We provide a general framework for studying recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained by injecting noise into hidden states. Specifically, we consider RNNs that can be viewed as discretizations of stochastic differential equations driven by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-02 Soon Hoe Lim , N. Benjamin Erichson , Liam Hodgkinson , Michael W. Mahoney

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) serve as a fundamental building block for many sequence tasks across natural language processing. Recent research has focused on recurrent dropout techniques or custom RNN cells in order to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Stephen Merity , Bryan McCann , Richard Socher

In a previous paper, we have shown that a recurrent neural network (RNN) can be used to detect cellular network radio signal degradations accurately. We unexpectedly found, though, that accuracy gains diminished as we added layers to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 David Mulvey , Chuan Heng Foh , Muhammad Ali Imran , Rahim Tafazolli

This paper aims to discuss and analyze the potentialities of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) in control design applications. The main families of RNN are considered, namely Neural Nonlinear AutoRegressive eXogenous, (NNARX), Echo State…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-11 Fabio Bonassi , Marcello Farina , Jing Xie , Riccardo Scattolini

Strong Disorder Renormalization is an energy-based renormalization that leads to a complicated renormalized topology for the surviving clusters as soon as $d>1$. In this paper, we propose to include Strong Disorder Renormalization ideas…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2012-05-04 Cecile Monthus , Thomas Garel

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents performing complex tasks must be able to remember observations and actions across sizable time intervals. This is especially true during the initial learning stages, when exploratory behaviour can increase…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Thomas Stepleton , Razvan Pascanu , Will Dabney , Siddhant M. Jayakumar , Hubert Soyer , Remi Munos

Continuous-time dynamic graph modeling is a crucial task for many real-world applications, such as financial risk management and fraud detection. Though existing dynamic graph modeling methods have achieved satisfactory results, they still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Siwei Zhang , Yun Xiong , Yao Zhang , Xixi Wu , Yiheng Sun , Jiawei Zhang

Recurrent neural networks have achieved great success in many NLP tasks. However, they have difficulty in parallelization because of the recurrent structure, so it takes much time to train RNNs. In this paper, we introduce sliced recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-09 Zeping Yu , Gongshen Liu

Training RNNs to learn long-term dependencies is difficult due to vanishing gradients. We explore an alternative solution based on explicit memorization using linear autoencoders for sequences, which allows to maximize the short-term memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Antonio Carta , Alessandro Sperduti , Davide Bacciu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) learn node representations through iterative network-based message-passing. While powerful, deep GNNs suffer from oversmoothing, where node features converge to a homogeneous, non-informative state. We re-frame…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Erkan Turan , Gaspard Abel , Maysam Behmanesh , Emery Pierson , Maks Ovsjanikov

A popular strategy to train recurrent neural networks (RNNs), known as ``teacher forcing'' takes the ground truth as input at each time step and makes the later predictions partly conditioned on those inputs. Such training strategy impairs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Liping Yuan , Jiangtao Feng , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang