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Related papers: Personalized Safety in LLMs: A Benchmark and A Pla…

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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents that operate in real-world environments, introducing safety risks beyond linguistic harm. Existing agent safety evaluations rely on risk-oriented tasks tailored to specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jingnan Zheng , Yanzhen Luo , Jingjun Xu , Bingnan Liu , Yuxin Chen , Chenhang Cui , Gelei Deng , Chaochao Lu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced conversational AI assistants. However, systematically evaluating how well these assistants apply personalization--adapting to individual user preferences while completing tasks--remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Zheng Zhao , Clara Vania , Subhradeep Kayal , Naila Khan , Shay B. Cohen , Emine Yilmaz

While integrating external tools into large language models (LLMs) enhances their ability to access real-time information and domain-specific services, existing approaches focus narrowly on functional tool selection following user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Zihao Cheng , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Yuhang Guo , Yuanfang Guo , Yunhong Wang , Haifeng Wang

Current safety alignment for Large Language Models (LLMs) implicitly optimizes for a "modal adult user," leaving models vulnerable to distributional shifts in user cognition. We present ChildSafe, a benchmark that quantifies alignment…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Abhejay Murali , Saleh Afroogh , Kevin Chen , David Atkinson , Amit Dhurandhar , Junfeng Jiao

Context. Risk analysis assesses potential risks in specific scenarios. Risk analysis principles are context-less; the same methodology can be applied to a risk connected to health and information technology security. Risk analysis requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Matteo Esposito , Francesco Palagiano , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Davide Taibi

Personalizing large language models (LLMs) is essential for delivering tailored interactions that improve user experience. Many existing personalization methods require fine-tuning LLMs for each user, rendering them prohibitively expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yijing Zhang , Dyah Adila , Changho Shin , Frederic Sala

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to advance in understanding and generating long sequences, new safety concerns have been introduced through the long context. However, the safety of LLMs in long-context tasks remains under-explored,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yida Lu , Jiale Cheng , Zhexin Zhang , Shiyao Cui , Cunxiang Wang , Xiaotao Gu , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

As AI systems advance in capabilities, measuring their safety and alignment to human values is becoming paramount. A fast-growing field of AI research is devoted to developing such assessments. However, most current advances therein may be…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Max Hellrigel-Holderbaum , Edward James Young

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in the medical domain, achieving strong performance on several benchmarks. However, they continue to underperform in real-world medical scenarios, which often demand stronger…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yuxuan Zhou , Yubin Wang , Bin Wang , Chen Ning , Xien Liu , Ji Wu , Jianye Hao

Evaluating large language models typically relies on human-authored benchmarks, reference answers, and human or single-model judgments, approaches that scale poorly, become quickly outdated, and mismatch open-world deployments that depend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yanki Margalit , Erni Avram , Ran Taig , Oded Margalit , Nurit Cohen-Inger

The rapid deployment of LLM-based autonomous agents has introduced safety risks that extend far beyond traditional LLM concerns, prompting a proliferation of safety benchmarks since late 2023. However, these benchmarks have developed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Miles Q. Li , Benjamin C. M. Fung , Boyang Li , Heba Ismail , Farkhund Iqbal

Large language models (LLMs) are essential tools that users employ across various scenarios, so evaluating their performance and guiding users in selecting the suitable service is important. Although many benchmarks exist, they mainly focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jiayin Wang , Fengran Mo , Weizhi Ma , Peijie Sun , Min Zhang , Jian-Yun Nie

The emergence of agentic recommender systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) represents a paradigm shift in personalized recommendations, leveraging LLMs' advanced reasoning and role-playing capabilities to enable autonomous,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yu Shang , Peijie Liu , Yuwei Yan , Zijing Wu , Leheng Sheng , Yuanqing Yu , Chumeng Jiang , An Zhang , Fengli Xu , Yu Wang , Min Zhang , Yong Li

Plain Language Summaries (PLS) aim to make research accessible to lay readers, but they are typically written in a one-size-fits-all style that ignores differences in readers' information needs and comprehension. In health contexts, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Joey Chan , Yikun Han , Jingyuan Chen , Samuel Fang , Lauren D. Gryboski , Alexandra Lee , Sheel Tanna , Qingqing Zhu , Zhiyong Lu , Lucy Lu Wang , Yue Guo

Large language models (LLMs) are being integrated into socially assistive robots (SARs) and other conversational agents providing mental health and well-being support. These agents are often designed to sound empathic and supportive in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Himanshi Lalwani , Hanan Salam

Recent research has highlighted that assigning specific personas to large language models (LLMs) can significantly increase harmful content generation. However, limited attention has been given to persona-driven toxicity in non-Western…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Geng Liu , Li Feng , Carlo Alberto Bono , Songbo Yang , Mengxiao Zhu , Francesco Pierri

As the influence of large language models (LLMs) spans across global communities, their safety challenges in multilingual settings become paramount for alignment research. This paper examines the variations in safety challenges faced by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Lingfeng Shen , Weiting Tan , Sihao Chen , Yunmo Chen , Jingyu Zhang , Haoran Xu , Boyuan Zheng , Philipp Koehn , Daniel Khashabi

Safety alignment is crucial to ensure that large language models (LLMs) behave in ways that align with human preferences and prevent harmful actions during inference. However, recent studies show that the alignment can be easily compromised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 ShengYun Peng , Pin-Yu Chen , Matthew Hull , Duen Horng Chau

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing scientific research, yet its growing integration into laboratory environments presents critical safety challenges. Large language models (LLMs) and vision language models (VLMs) now assist in…

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has intensified the requirement for reliable safety evaluation to uncover model vulnerabilities. To this end, numerous LLM safety evaluation benchmarks are proposed. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Xiangyang Zhu , Yuan Tian , Chunyi Li , Kaiwei Zhang , Wei Sun , Guangtao Zhai