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In the current era of rapidly growing digital data, evaluating the political bias and factuality of news outlets has become more important for seeking reliable information online. In this work, we study the classification problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Muhammad Arslan Manzoor , Ruihong Zeng , Dilshod Azizov , Preslav Nakov , Shangsong Liang

This paper primarily focuses on the hallucinations caused due to AI language models(LLMs).LLMs have shown extraordinary Language understanding and generation capabilities .Still it has major a disadvantage hallucinations which give outputs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Sailesh kiran kurra , Shiek Ruksana , Vishal Borusu

Large-scale dissemination of disinformation online intended to mislead or deceive the general population is a major societal problem. Rapid progression in image, video, and natural language generative models has only exacerbated this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Reuben Tan , Bryan A. Plummer , Kate Saenko

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly influenced the quality of information in decision-making systems, leading to the prevalence of AI-generated content and challenges in detecting misinformation and managing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Cheng Jiayang , Chunkit Chan , Qianqian Zhuang , Lin Qiu , Tianhang Zhang , Tengxiao Liu , Yangqiu Song , Yue Zhang , Pengfei Liu , Zheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to hallucination with non-factual or unfaithful statements, which undermines the applications in real-world scenarios. Recent researches focus on uncertainty-based hallucination detection, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kedi Chen , Qin Chen , Jie Zhou , Xinqi Tao , Bowen Ding , Jingwen Xie , Mingchen Xie , Peilong Li , Feng Zheng , Liang He

Existing vision-language model (VLM)-based methods for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection typically rely on similarity scores between input images and in-distribution (ID) text prototypes. However, the modality gap between image and text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yimu Wang , Evelien Riddell , Adrian Chow , Sean Sedwards , Krzysztof Czarnecki

The impact of multimodal misinformation arises not only from factual inaccuracies but also from the misleading narratives that creators deliberately embed. Interpreting such creator intent is therefore essential for multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiaying Wu , Fanxiao Li , Zihang Fu , Min-Yen Kan , Bryan Hooi

Multimodal fake news detection (MFND) aims to verify news credibility by jointly exploiting textual and visual evidence. However, real-world news dissemination frequently suffers from missing modality due to deleted images, corrupted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kai Qian , Weijie Shi , Jiaqi Wang , Mengze Li , Hao Chen , Yue Cui , Hanghui Guo , Ziyi Liu , Jia Zhu , Jiajie Xu

This paper solves the fake news detection problem under a more realistic scenario on social media. Given the source short-text tweet and the corresponding sequence of retweet users without text comments, we aim at predicting whether the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Yi-Ju Lu , Cheng-Te Li

Hallucinations, the generation of apparently convincing yet false statements, remain a major barrier to the safe deployment of LLMs. Building on the strong performance of self-detection methods, we examine the use of structured knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Sahil Kale , Antonio Luca Alfeo

In today's visually dominated social media landscape, predicting the perceived credibility of visual content and understanding what drives human judgment are crucial for countering misinformation. However, these tasks are challenging due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Yilang Peng , Sijia Qian , Yingdan Lu , Cuihua Shen

Misinformation poses a variety of risks, such as undermining public trust and distorting factual discourse. Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 have been shown effective in mitigating misinformation, particularly in handling statements…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Yury Orlovskiy , Camille Thibault , Anne Imouza , Jean-François Godbout , Reihaneh Rabbany , Kellin Pelrine

Multimodal Misinformation Recognition has become an urgent task with the emergence of huge multimodal fake content on social media platforms. Previous studies mainly focus on complex feature extraction and fusion to learn discriminative…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Hengyang Zhou , Yiwei Wei , Jian Yang , Zhenyu Zhang

Nowadays, fake news easily propagates through online social networks and becomes a grand threat to individuals and society. Assessing the authenticity of news is challenging due to its elaborately fabricated contents, making it difficult to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Ujun Jeong , Kaize Ding , Lu Cheng , Ruocheng Guo , Kai Shu , Huan Liu

The widespread of fake news and misinformation in various domains ranging from politics, economics to public health has posed an urgent need to automatically fact-check information. A recent trend in fake news detection is to utilize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Nguyen Vo , Kyumin Lee

Short-video platforms have become major channels for misinformation, where deceptive claims frequently leverage visual experiments and social cues. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jen-tse Huang , Chang Chen , Shiyang Lai , Wenxuan Wang , Michelle R. Kaufman , Mark Dredze

Uncertainty estimation is essential for enhancing the reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in high-stakes applications. Existing methods often overlook semantic dependencies, relying on token-level probability measures…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Tuo Wang , Adithya Kulkarni , Tyler Cody , Peter A. Beling , Yujun Yan , Dawei Zhou

The rapid spread of misinformation, further amplified by recent advances in generative AI, poses significant threats to society, impacting public opinion, democratic stability, and national security. Understanding and proactively assessing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Sania Nayab , Marco Simoni , Giulio Rossolini

The graph-based model can help to detect suspicious fraud online. Owing to the development of Graph Neural Networks~(GNNs), prior research work has proposed many GNN-based fraud detection frameworks based on either homogeneous graphs or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Zhiwei Liu , Yingtong Dou , Philip S. Yu , Yutong Deng , Hao Peng

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection seeks to identify samples from unknown classes, a critical capability for deploying machine learning models in open-world scenarios. Recent research has demonstrated that Vision-Language Models (VLMs) can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhikang Xu , Qianqian Xu , Zitai Wang , Cong Hua , Sicong Li , Zhiyong Yang , Qingming Huang