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Recent work has shown that inference-time reasoning and reflection can improve text-to-image generation without retraining. However, existing approaches often rely on implicit, holistic critiques or unconstrained prompt rewrites, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 V. Kovalev , A. Kuvshinov , A. Buzovkin , D. Pokidov , D. Timonin

Symbolic regression is a powerful system identification technique in industrial scenarios where no prior knowledge on model structure is available. Such scenarios often require specific model properties such as interpretability, robustness,…

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance on a wide variety of tasks, but they often struggle with tasks that require multi-step reasoning or goal-directed planning. Both cognitive neuroscience and reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Taylor Webb , Shanka Subhra Mondal , Ida Momennejad

Large language model (LLM) agent evaluators leverage specialized tools to ground the rational decision-making of LLMs, making them well-suited to aid in scientific discoveries, such as constrained retrosynthesis planning. Constrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Frazier N. Baker , Daniel Adu-Ampratwum , Reza Averly , Botao Yu , Huan Sun , Xia Ning

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) represent a breakthrough in AI problem-solving capabilities, but their effectiveness in interactive environments can be limited. This paper introduces and analyzes overthinking in LRMs. A phenomenon where…

Enabling robotic agents to perform complex long-horizon tasks has been a long-standing goal in robotics and artificial intelligence (AI). Despite the potential shown by large language models (LLMs), their planning capabilities remain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Guanqi Chen , Lei Yang , Ruixing Jia , Zhe Hu , Yizhou Chen , Wei Zhang , Wenping Wang , Jia Pan

Replicating human-level intelligence in the execution of embodied tasks remains challenging due to the unconstrained nature of real-world environments. Novel use of large language models (LLMs) for task planning seeks to address the…

While reasoning has become a central capability of large language models (LLMs), the reasoning patterns required for different scenarios are often misaligned. Mathematical reasoning typically relies on intrinsic logic to solve closed-world…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Junjian Wang , Xin Zhou , Qiran Xu , Kun Zhan

Reward models (RMs) play a critical role in aligning language models through the process of reinforcement learning from human feedback. RMs are trained to predict a score reflecting human preference, which requires significant time and cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Zihuiwen Ye , Fraser Greenlee-Scott , Max Bartolo , Phil Blunsom , Jon Ander Campos , Matthias Gallé

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in complex reasoning tasks, yet they remain fundamentally limited by their reliance on static internal knowledge and text-only reasoning. Real-world problem solving often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Joykirat Singh , Raghav Magazine , Yash Pandya , Akshay Nambi

Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit significant potential for complex reasoning, planning, and tool utilization. We demonstrate that a specialized computer vision system can be built…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jin Kim , Muhammad Wahi-Anwa , Sangyun Park , Shawn Shin , John M. Hoffman , Matthew S. Brown

We present a Collaborative Agent-Based Framework for Multi-Image Reasoning. Our approach tackles the challenge of interleaved multimodal reasoning across diverse datasets and task formats by employing a dual-agent system: a language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Angelos Vlachos , Giorgos Filandrianos , Maria Lymperaiou , Nikolaos Spanos , Ilias Mitsouras , Vasileios Karampinis , Athanasios Voulodimos

The convergence of Agentic AI and MAS enables a new paradigm for intelligent decision making in SMS. Traditional MAS architectures emphasize distributed coordination and specialized autonomy, while recent advances in agentic AI driven by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Mojtaba A. Farahani , Md Irfan Khan , Thorsten Wuest

As chemical plants evolve towards full autonomy, the need for effective fault handling and control in dynamic, unpredictable environments becomes increasingly critical. This paper proposes an innovative approach to industrial automation,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Javal Vyas , Mehmet Mercangöz

We propose a method that enables large language models (LLMs) to control embodied agents through the generation of control policies that directly map continuous observation vectors to continuous action vectors. At the outset, the LLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jônata Tyska Carvalho , Stefano Nolfi

Symbolic planning can provide an intuitive interface for non-expert users to operate autonomous robots by abstracting away much of the low-level programming. However, symbolic planners assume that the initially provided abstract domain and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Julian Förster , Lionel Ott , Juan Nieto , Roland Siegwart , Jen Jen Chung

This paper proposes White-Op, an operational amplifier (op-amp) behavioral-level parameter design framework assisted by the human-mimicking reasoning of large language model agents. A symbolic reasoning-numerical solving decoupled paradigm…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zihao Chen , Ziyi Sun , Jiayin Wang , Ji Zhuang , Jinyi Shen , Xiaoyue Ke , Li Shang , Xuan Zeng , Fan Yang

Recent advances in prompting techniques and multi-agent systems for Large Language Models (LLMs) have produced increasingly complex approaches. However, we lack a framework for characterizing and comparing prompting techniques or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Dhruv Dhamani , Mary Lou Maher

Assessing soft skills such as empathy, ethical judgment, and communication is essential in competitive selection processes, yet human scoring is often inconsistent and biased. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have improved Automated Essay…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ryan Huynh , Frank Guerin , Alison Callwood

Mathematical problem solving is a fundamental benchmark for assessing the reasoning capabilities of artificial intelligence and a gateway to applications in education, science, and engineering where reliable symbolic reasoning is essential.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aditya Basarkar , Benyamin Tabarsi , Tiffany Barnes , Dongkuan Xu