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Grounding the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) for embodied tasks is challenging due to the complexity of the physical world. Especially, LLM planning for multi-agent collaboration requires communication of agents or credit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yang Zhang , Shixin Yang , Chenjia Bai , Fei Wu , Xiu Li , Zhen Wang , Xuelong Li

Joint logical-numerical reasoning remains a major challenge for language models, yet existing datasets rely on fixed rule sets and offer limited control over task complexity, constraining their generalizability for evaluation and training.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yiwei Liu , Yucheng Li , Xiao Li , Gong Cheng

We introduce an autonomous multiagent framework for mechanistic interpretability that automates both explaining and finding internal features in large language models. The system runs two coupled loops: (1) explanation refinement, where an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arnau Marin-Llobet , Javier Ferrando

Training large language models (LLMs) to reason via reinforcement learning (RL) significantly improves their problem-solving capabilities. In agentic settings, existing methods like ReAct prompt LLMs to explicitly plan before every action;…

When automating plan generation for a real-world sequential decision problem, the goal is often not to replace the human planner, but to facilitate an iterative reasoning and elicitation process, where the human's role is to guide the AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Guilhem Fouilhé , Rebecca Eifler , Antonin Poché , Sylvie Thiébaux , Nicholas Asher

The automatic synthesis of a policy through reinforcement learning (RL) from a given set of formal requirements depends on the construction of a reward signal and consists of the iterative application of many policy-improvement steps. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Luigi Berducci , Radu Grosu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to solve a wide range of practical tasks within multi-agent systems. However, existing human-designed multi-agent frameworks are typically limited to a small set of pre-defined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yaolun Zhang , Xiaogeng Liu , Chaowei Xiao

We study the problem of controlling multi-agent systems under a set of signal temporal logic tasks. Signal temporal logic is a formalism that is used to express time and space constraints for dynamical systems. Recent methods to solve the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-26 Lars Lindemann , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Large language models (LLMs) have recently gained significant attention as a promising approach to accelerate scientific discovery. However, their application in open-ended scientific domains such as biology remains limited, primarily due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yunhui Jang , Lu Zhu , Jake Fawkes , Alisandra Kaye Denton , Dominique Beaini , Emmanuel Noutahi

Designing mechanical linkages involves combinatorial topology selection and continuous parameter fitting. We show that language models can systematically improve linkage designs through symbolic representations. Language model agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 João Pedro Gandarela , Thiago Rios , Stefan Menzel , André Freitas

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have reported high accuracy on reasoning benchmarks. However, it is still unclear whether the observed results arise from true reasoning or from statistical recall of the training set. Inspired by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Xinnuo Xu , Rachel Lawrence , Kshitij Dubey , Atharva Pandey , Risa Ueno , Fabian Falck , Aditya V. Nori , Rahul Sharma , Amit Sharma , Javier Gonzalez

Prompt engineering is a challenging and important task due to the high sensitivity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to the given prompt and the inherent ambiguity of a textual task instruction. Automatic prompt engineering is essential to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Elad Levi , Eli Brosh , Matan Friedmann

We introduce Agentic Reasoning, a framework that enhances large language model (LLM) reasoning by integrating external tool-using agents. Agentic Reasoning dynamically leverages web search, code execution, and structured memory to address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Junde Wu , Jiayuan Zhu , Yuyuan Liu , Min Xu , Yueming Jin

Sensemaking report writing often requires multiple refinements in the iterative process. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating initial reports based on human visual workspace representations, they struggle to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xuxin Tang , Rehema Abulikemu , Eric Krokos , Kirsten Whitley , Xuan Wang , Chris North

Small LLMs often struggle to match the agentic capabilities of large, costly models. While reinforcement learning can help, progress has been limited by two structural bottlenecks: existing open-source agentic training data are narrow in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuanjie Lyu , Chengyu Wang , Lei Shen , Jun Huang , Tong Xu

Neural-symbolic methods have demonstrated efficiency in enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, existing methods mainly rely on syntactically mapping natural languages to complete formal languages like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yiming Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Pei Zhang , Baosong Yang , Rui Wang

Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingxi Zhao , Lin Geng Foo , Ping Hu , Christian Theobalt , Hossein Rahmani , Jun Liu

In the past year, large language models (LLMs) have had remarkable success in domains outside the traditional natural language processing, and their capacity is further expanded into the so-called LLM agents when connected with external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Weizhe Chen , Sven Koenig , Bistra Dilkina

The emergence of large language models has enabled sophisticated multi-agent systems, yet coordinating their reasoning capabilities through prompt engineering remains challenging. We present a theoretically-grounded framework for dynamic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hassen Dhrif

The advancement in large language models (LLMs) and large vision models has fueled the rapid progress in multi-modal vision-language reasoning capabilities. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs) remain challenged by compositional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yichang Xu , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Sihao Hu , Fatih Ilhan , Selim Furkan Tekin , Zachary Yahn , Ling Liu