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Radiology Report Generation (RRG) aims to produce accurate and coherent diagnostics from medical images. Although large vision language models (LVLM) improve report fluency and accuracy, they exhibit hallucinations, generating plausible yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Ruixiao Yang , Yuanhe Tian , Xu Yang , Huiqi Li , Yan Song

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are susceptible to hallucinations, where generated responses seem semantically plausible yet exhibit little or no relevance to the input image. Previous studies reveal that this issue primarily stems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hao Fang , Changle Zhou , Jiawei Kong , Kuofeng Gao , Bin Chen , Shu-Tao Xia

Large Language Models (LLMs) often hallucinate, producing unfaithful or factually incorrect outputs by misrepresenting the provided context or incorrectly recalling internal knowledge. Recent studies have identified specific attention heads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Aryo Pradipta Gema , Chen Jin , Ahmed Abdulaal , Tom Diethe , Philip Teare , Beatrice Alex , Pasquale Minervini , Amrutha Saseendran

Despite the significant progress of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) across diverse tasks, hallucination -- corresponding to the generation of visually inconsistent objects, attributes, or relations -- remains a major obstacle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Siyu Jiang , Feiyang Chen , Xiaojin Zhang , Kun He

Spatial relation hallucinations pose a persistent challenge in large vision-language models (LVLMs), leading to generate incorrect predictions about object positions and spatial configurations within an image. To address this issue, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jiarui Wu , Zhuo Liu , Hangfeng He

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) suffer from hallucination a lot, generating responses that apparently contradict to the image content occasionally. The key problem lies in its weak ability to comprehend detailed content in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Zhiyang Chen , Yousong Zhu , Yufei Zhan , Zhaowen Li , Chaoyang Zhao , Jinqiao Wang , Ming Tang

Hallucination remains a major challenge in multimodal large language models (MLLMs). To address this, various contrastive decoding (CD) methods have been proposed that contrasts original logits with hallucinated logits generated from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Chaeyoung Jung , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung

Despite their impressive capabilities, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are prone to hallucinations, i.e., the generated content that is nonsensical or unfaithful to input sources. Unlike in LLMs, hallucinations in MLLMs often stem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xin Zou , Yizhou Wang , Yibo Yan , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Kening Zheng , Sirui Huang , Junkai Chen , Peijie Jiang , Jia Liu , Chang Tang , Xuming Hu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal understanding capabilities, yet they remain prone to object hallucination, where models describe non-existent objects or attribute incorrect factual information,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ahmed Akl , Abdelwahed Khamis , Ali Cheraghian , Zhe Wang , Sara Khalifa , Kewen Wang

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive reasoning capabilities across vision-language tasks, yet still face the challenge of compute-difficulty mismatch. Through empirical analyses, we identify that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Huijie Guo , Jingyao Wang , Lingyu Si , Jiahuan Zhou , Changwen Zheng , Wenwen Qiang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities yet continue to suffer from hallucination, where generated text contradicts visual content. In this paper, we introduce Dual-Anchor Introspective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yebo Wu , Han Jin , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are experiencing rapid growth, yielding a plethora of noteworthy contributions in recent months. The prevailing trend involves adopting data-driven methodologies, wherein diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xin He , Longhui Wei , Lingxi Xie , Qi Tian

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in visual understanding tasks, yet they often suffer from object hallucinations--generating descriptions of objects that are inconsistent with or entirely absent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinmiao Hu , Chun Wang , Ruihe An , ChenYu Shao , Xiaojun Ye , Sheng Zhou , Liangcheng Li

Despite great success across various multimodal tasks, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often encounter object hallucinations with generated textual responses being inconsistent with the actual objects in images. We examine different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Wenbin An , Feng Tian , Sicong Leng , Jiahao Nie , Haonan Lin , QianYing Wang , Ping Chen , Xiaoqin Zhang , Shijian Lu

Despite the recent breakthroughs achieved by Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) in understanding and responding to complex visual-textual contexts, their inherent hallucination tendencies limit their practical application in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Junzhe Chen , Tianshu Zhang , Shiyu Huang , Yuwei Niu , Linfeng Zhang , Lijie Wen , Xuming Hu

Vision-language model (VLM) hallucination is commonly linked to imbalanced allocation of attention across input modalities: system, image and text. However, existing mitigation strategies tend towards an image-centric interpretation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Tsan Tsai Chan , Varsha Suresh , Anisha Saha , Michael Hahn , Vera Demberg

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in multimodal tasks, but visual object hallucination remains a persistent issue. It refers to scenarios where models generate inaccurate visual object-related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Liqiang Jing , Guiming Hardy Chen , Ehsan Aghazadeh , Xin Eric Wang , Xinya Du

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) frequently suffer from Object Hallucination (OH), wherein they generate descriptions containing objects that are not actually present in the input image. This phenomenon is particularly problematic in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yanbin Huang , Yisen Li , Guiyao Tie , Xiaoye Qu , Pan Zhou , Hongfei Wang , Zhaofan Zou , Hao Sun , Xuelong Li

Hallucinations, generating responses inconsistent with the visual input, remain a critical limitation of large vision-language models (LVLMs), especially in open-ended tasks such as image captioning and visual reasoning. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Mehrdad Fazli , Bowen Wei , Ziwei Zhu

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) excel at multimodal tasks but are prone to misinterpreting visual inputs, often resulting in hallucinations and unreliable outputs. We present DROPOUT DECODING, a novel inference-time approach that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yixiong Fang , Ziran Yang , Zhaorun Chen , Zhuokai Zhao , Jiawei Zhou
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