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The revolutionary capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are attracting rapidly growing popularity and leading to soaring user requests to inference serving systems. Caching techniques, which leverage data reuse to reduce computation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Longwei Zou , Yan Liu , Jiamu Kang , Tingfeng Liu , Jiangang Kong , Yangdong Deng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven significant progress, yet their growing parameter counts and context windows incur prohibitive compute, energy, and monetary costs. We introduce EfficientLLM, a novel benchmark and the first…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse applications, yet their deployment remains challenging due to substantial computational costs, memory requirements, and energy consumption. Recent empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kaito Tanaka , Masato Ito , Yuji Nishimura , Keisuke Matsuda , Aya Nakayama

Large language models (LLMs) are typically served from clusters of GPUs/NPUs that consist of large number of devices. Unfortunately, communication between these devices incurs significant overhead, increasing the inference latency and cost…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ahmet Caner Yüzügüler , Jiawei Zhuang , Lukas Cavigelli

Large Language Models (LLMs) rely heavily on Key-Value (KV) caching to minimize inference latency. However, standard KV caches are context-dependent: reusing a cached document in a new context requires recomputing KV states to account for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chuangtao Chen , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Bing Li , Ulf Schlichtmann

Recently the generative Large Language Model (LLM) has achieved remarkable success in numerous applications. Notably its inference generates output tokens one-by-one, leading to many redundant computations. The widely-used KV-Cache…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Weizhuo Li , Zhigang Wang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred interest in numerous applications requiring robust long-range capabilities, essential for processing extensive input contexts and continuously generating extended outputs. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Dachuan Shi , Yonggan Fu , Xiangchi Yuan , Zhongzhi Yu , Haoran You , Sixu Li , Xin Dong , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov , Yingyan , Lin

How to efficiently serve Large Language Models (LLMs) has become a pressing issue because of their huge computational cost in their autoregressive generation process. To mitigate computational costs, LLMs often employ the KV Cache technique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zheng Wang , Boxiao Jin , Zhongzhi Yu , Minjia Zhang

Modern large language models (LLMs) extend context lengths to millions of tokens, enabling coherent, personalized responses grounded in long conversational history. However, the Key-Value (KV) cache grows linearly with the extended dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Minsoo Kim , Arnav Kundu , Han-Byul Kim , Richa Dixit , Minsik Cho

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows have become increasingly prevalent for tackling complex tasks. However, the substantial Key-Value (KV) cache required for long-context LLMs poses significant deployment challenges.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jie Hu , Shengnan Wang , Yutong He , Ping Gong , Jiawei Yi , Juncheng Zhang , Youhui Bai , Renhai Chen , Gong Zhang , Cheng Li , Kun Yuan

Caching has the potential to be of significant benefit for accessing large language models (LLMs) due to their high latencies which typically range from a small number of seconds to well over a minute. Furthermore, many LLMs charge money…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Arun Iyengar , Ashish Kundu , Ramana Kompella , Sai Nandan Mamidi

Large language models (LLMs) have become proficient at solving a wide variety of tasks, including those involving multi-modal inputs. In particular, instantiating an LLM (such as LLaMA) with a speech encoder and training it on paired data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Desh Raj , Gil Keren , Junteng Jia , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli

Efficient key-value (KV) cache management is crucial for the practical deployment of large language models (LLMs), yet existing compression techniques often incur a trade-off between performance degradation and computational overhead. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jang-Hyun Kim , Dongyoon Han , Sangdoo Yun

The full-size MLPs and the projection layers in attention introduce tremendous model sizes of large language models (LLMs), consuming extensive computational resources in pre-training. We empirically observe that the activations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Ziyue Liu , Ruijie Zhang , Zhengyang Wang , Mingsong Yan , Zi Yang , Paul Hovland , Bogdan Nicolae , Franck Cappello , Sui Tang , Zheng Zhang

Integrating large language models (LLMs) as priors in reinforcement learning (RL) offers significant advantages but comes with substantial computational costs. We present a principled cache-efficient framework for posterior sampling with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

Recent advancements in Audio-Video Large Language Models (AV-LLMs) have enhanced their capabilities in tasks like audio-visual question answering and multimodal dialog systems. Video and audio introduce an extended temporal dimension,…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhonghua Jiang , Kui Chen , Kunxi Li , Keting Yin , Yiyun Zhou , Zhaode Wang , Chengfei Lv , Shengyu Zhang

Modern large language model (LLM) systems increasingly rely on multi-turn pipelines that are composed of multiple task-specific adapters, yet existing serving frameworks remain inefficient, incurring substantial recomputation overhead when…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Allison Li , Kristjan Greenewald , Thomas Parnell , Navid Azizan

Large Language Models (LLMs), epitomized by ChatGPT's release in late 2022, have revolutionized various industries with their advanced language comprehension. However, their efficiency is challenged by the Transformer architecture's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Luohe Shi , Hongyi Zhang , Yao Yao , Zuchao Li , Hai Zhao

Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of large language models (LLMs) simultaneously is a critical yet challenging research goal. In this paper, we find that low-rank pre-training, normally considered as efficient methods that will…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xingtai Lv , Ning Ding , Kaiyan Zhang , Ermo Hua , Ganqu Cui , Bowen Zhou

In this paper, we introduce LightVLM, a simple but effective method that can be seamlessly deployed upon existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to greatly accelerate the inference process in a training-free manner. We divide the inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Lianyu Hu , Fanhua Shang , Wei Feng , Liang Wan