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Radiology report generation (RRG) has shown great potential in assisting radiologists by automating the labor-intensive task of report writing. While recent advancements have improved the quality and coherence of generated reports, ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Chenyu Wang , Weichao Zhou , Shantanu Ghosh , Kayhan Batmanghelich , Wenchao Li

Automatic medical report generation has the potential to support clinical diagnosis, reduce the workload of radiologists, and demonstrate potential for enhancing diagnostic consistency. However, current evaluation metrics often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zhenxuan Zhang , Kinhei Lee , Peiyuan Jing , Weihang Deng , Huichi Zhou , Zihao Jin , Jiahao Huang , Zhifan Gao , Dominic C Marshall , Yingying Fang , Guang Yang

The complexity of stacked imaging and the massive number of radiographs make writing radiology reports complex and inefficient. Even highly experienced radiologists struggle to maintain accuracy and consistency in interpreting radiographs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Jianfei Xu , Thanet Markchom , Huizhi Liang

Drafting radiology reports is a complex task requiring flexibility, where radiologists tail content to available information and particular clinical demands. However, most current radiology report generation (RRG) models are constrained to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Zhuhao Wang , Yihua Sun , Zihan Li , Xuan Yang , Fang Chen , Hongen Liao

Chest Xray imaging is a widely used diagnostic tool in modern medicine, and its high utilization creates substantial workloads for radiologists. To alleviate this burden, vision language models are increasingly applied to automate Chest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Shaoyang Zhou , Yingshu Li , Yunyi Liu , Lingqiao Liu , Lei Wang , Luping Zhou

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have significantly advanced automated Radiology Report Generation (RRG). However, existing methods implicitly assume high-quality inputs, overlooking the noise and artifacts prevalent in real-world clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hongze Zhu , Chen Hu , Jiaxuan Jiang , Hong Liu , Yawen Huang , Ming Hu , Tianyu Wang , Zhijian Wu , Yefeng Zheng

Medical report generation is a critical task in healthcare that involves the automatic creation of detailed and accurate descriptions from medical images. Traditionally, this task has been approached as a sequence generation problem,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yijian Fan , Zhenbang Yang , Rui Liu , Mingjie Li , Xiaojun Chang

Increasing demands on medical imaging departments are taking a toll on the radiologist's ability to deliver timely and accurate reports. Recent technological advances in artificial intelligence have demonstrated great potential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Phillip Sloan , Philip Clatworthy , Edwin Simpson , Majid Mirmehdi

Deep learning has advanced medical image classification, but interpretability challenges hinder its clinical adoption. This study enhances interpretability in Chest X-ray (CXR) classification by using concept bottleneck models (CBMs) and a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hasan Md Tusfiqur Alam , Devansh Srivastav , Md Abdul Kadir , Daniel Sonntag

Obtaining datasets labeled to facilitate model development is a challenge for most machine learning tasks. The difficulty is heightened for medical imaging, where data itself is limited in accessibility and labeling requires costly time and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Nithya Attaluri , Ahmed Nasir , Carolynne Powe , Harold Racz , Ben Covington , Li Yao , Jordan Prosky , Eric Poblenz , Tobi Olatunji , Kevin Lyman

Knowledge Graph (KG) plays a crucial role in Medical Report Generation (MRG) because it reveals the relations among diseases and thus can be utilized to guide the generation process. However, constructing a comprehensive KG is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Yixin Wang , Zihao Lin , Haoyu Dong

Data labeling is currently a time-consuming task that often requires expert knowledge. In research settings, the availability of correctly labeled data is crucial to ensure that model predictions are accurate and useful. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Marina Bendersky , Joy Wu , Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood

The vision-language modeling capability of multi-modal large language models has attracted wide attention from the community. However, in medical domain, radiology report generation using vision-language models still faces significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Yuhao Wang , Chao Hao , Yawen Cui , Xinqi Su , Weicheng Xie , Tao Tan , Zitong Yu

Evaluating radiology reports is a challenging problem as factual correctness is extremely important due to the need for accurate medical communication about medical images. Existing automatic evaluation metrics either suffer from failing to…

Radiological imaging is central to diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical decision-making. Vision-language foundation models have spurred interest in automated radiology report generation (RRG), but safe deployment requires reliable…

Reward modeling is essential for aligning Large Language Models(LLMs) with human preferences, yet conventional reward models suffer from poor interpretability and heavy reliance on costly expert annotations. While recent rubric-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dengcan Liu , Fengkai Yang , Xiaohan Wang , Shurui Yan , Jiajun Chai , Jiahao Li , Yikun Ban , Zhendong Mao , Wei Lin , Guojun Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) and causal learning each hold strong potential for clinical decision making (CDM). However, their synergy remains poorly understood, largely due to the lack of systematic benchmarks evaluating their integration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Linna Wang , Zhixuan You , Qihui Zhang , Jiunan Wen , Ji Shi , Yimin Chen , Yusen Wang , Fanqi Ding , Ziliang Feng , Li Lu

Radiology Report Generation (RRG) through Vision-Language Models (VLMs) promises to reduce documentation burden, improve reporting consistency, and accelerate clinical workflows. However, their clinical adoption remains limited by the lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Marco Salmè , Federico Siciliano , Fabrizio Silvestri , Paolo Soda , Rosa Sicilia , Valerio Guarrasi

Existing metrics often lack the granularity and interpretability to capture nuanced clinical differences between candidate and ground-truth radiology reports, resulting in suboptimal evaluation. We introduce a Clinically-grounded tabular…

The automatic generation of radiology reports given medical radiographs has significant potential to operationally and improve clinical patient care. A number of prior works have focused on this problem, employing advanced methods from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Guanxiong Liu , Tzu-Ming Harry Hsu , Matthew McDermott , Willie Boag , Wei-Hung Weng , Peter Szolovits , Marzyeh Ghassemi