Related papers: Ideal Gas Law for a Quantum Particle
A new method is proposed for a treatment of ideal quantum gases in the microcanonical ensemble near the thermodynamic limit. The method allows rigorous asymptotic calculations of the average number of particles and particle number…
Accurately describing work extraction from a quantum system is a central objective for the extension of thermodynamics to individual quantum systems. The concepts of work and heat are surprisingly subtle when generalizations are made to…
We formulate the first law of global thermodynamics for stationary states of the binary ideal gas mixture subjected to heat flow. We map the non-uniform system onto the uniform one and show that the internal energy…
In this paper, we examine the thermodynamic features of an exotic fluid known as modified cosmic Chaplygin gas in the context of homogeneous isotropic universe model. For this purpose, the behavior of physical parameters are discussed that…
The thermodynamic limit of the internal energy and the entropy of the system of quantum interacting particles in random medium is shown to exist under the crucial requirements of stability and temperedness of interactions. The energy turns…
We studied planar compressible flows of ideal gas as models of a non-equilibrium thermodynamic system. We demonstrate that internal energy $U(S^{*},V,N)$ of such systems in stationary and non-stationary states is the function of only three…
Universality of classical thermodynamics rests on the central limit theorem, due to which, measurements of thermal fluctuations are unable to reveal detailed information regarding the microscopic structure of a macroscopic body. When small…
We show that the locally constant force necessary to get a stable hyperbolic motion regime for classical charged particles, actually, is a subtle combination of an applied external force and the radiation reaction force. It suggests, as the…
We emphasize that the pressure related work appearing in a general relativistic first law of thermodynamics should involve {\em proper volume element} rather than coordinate volume element. This point is highlighted by considering both…
The second law of thermodynamics places a limitation into which states a system can evolve into. For systems in contact with a heat bath, it can be combined with the law of energy conservation, and it says that a system can only evolve into…
Arguments are presented that the assumption, implicit to traditional statistical thermodynamics, that at zero temperature all erratic motions cease, should be dispensed with. Assuming instead a random ultrarelativistic unobservable motion,…
In black hole physics, the second law of thermodynamics is generally valid whether the black hole is a static or a non-static one. Considering the universe as a thermodynamical system the second law of black hole dynamics extends to the…
We obtain a new exact solution to the field equations in the EGB modified theory of gravity for a 5-dimensional spherically symmetric static distribution. By using a transformation, the study is reduced to the analysis of a single second…
A classical and quantum mechanical generalized second law of thermodynamics in cosmology implies constraints on the effective equation of state of the universe in the form of energy conditions, obeyed by many known cosmological solutions,…
This paper explores the non-equilibrium behavior of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon of isotropic and homogeneous universe model in $f(\mathcal{G},T)$ gravity ($\mathcal{G}$ and $T$ represent the Gauss-Bonnet invariant and trace of…
The second law of thermodynamics is the cornerstone of physics, characterizing the convertibility between thermodynamic states through a single function, entropy. Given the universal applicability of thermodynamics, a fundamental question…
From black hole thermodynamics, the Bekenstein bound has been proposed as a universal thermal entropy bound. It has been further generalized to an entanglement entropy bound which is valid even in a quantum system. In a quantumly entangled…
The illustrative wave function for a quantum disentangled liquid (QDL) composed of light and heavy particles is examined within numerical simulations. Initial measurement on light particles gives rise to the volume law of the entanglement…
The Brownian motion of a harmonically bound quantum particle and coupled to a harmonic quantum bath is exactly solvable. At low enough temperatures the stationary state is non-Gibbsian due to an entanglement with the bath. This happens when…
We conduct a rigorous investigation into the thermodynamic instability of ideal Bose gas confined in a cubic box, without assuming thermodynamic limit nor continuous approximation. Based on the exact expression of canonical partition…