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Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models in a parameter-efficient manner is widely studied for its effectiveness and efficiency. LoRA is one of the most widely used methods, which assumes that the optimization process is essentially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Changqun Li , Chaofan Ding , Kexin Luan , Xinhan Di

Contrastive learning (CL) is one of the most successful paradigms for self-supervised learning (SSL). In a principled way, it considers two augmented "views" of the same image as positive to be pulled closer, and all other images as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Chun-Hsiao Yeh , Cheng-Yao Hong , Yen-Chi Hsu , Tyng-Luh Liu , Yubei Chen , Yann LeCun

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) combined with Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a promising direction for parameter-efficient deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). By sharing a single adapter across multiple tasks, one can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Ziyu Yang , Guibin Chen , Yuxin Yang , Aoxiong Zeng , Xiangquan Yang

Among the widely used parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, LoRA and its variants have gained considerable popularity because of avoiding additional inference costs. However, there still often exists an accuracy gap between these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Shih-Yang Liu , Chien-Yi Wang , Hongxu Yin , Pavlo Molchanov , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Min-Hung Chen

This paper introduces a method for adapting LoRA adapters in smaller-sized language models to arbitrary downstream tasks. Unlike standard mixture-of-expert architectures, our method employs a gradient-free routing function to choose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Joshua Belofsky

Involving collaborative information in Large Language Models (LLMs) is a promising technique for adapting LLMs for recommendation. Existing methods achieve this by concatenating collaborative features with text tokens into a unified…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yuting Liu , Jinghao Zhang , Yizhou Dang , Yuliang Liang , Qiang Liu , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

Low Rank Decomposition of matrix - splitting a large matrix into a product of two smaller matrix offers a means for compression that reduces the parameters of a model without sparsification, and hence delivering more speedup on modern…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Ayush Kaushal , Tejas Vaidhya , Irina Rish

Fine-tuning is often necessary to enhance the adaptability of Large Language Models (LLM) to downstream tasks. Nonetheless, the process of updating billions of parameters demands significant computational resources and training time, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Tongxu Luo , Jiahe Lei , Fangyu Lei , Weihao Liu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on corpora disproportionally weighted in favor of Standard American English. As a result, speakers of other dialects experience significantly more failures when interacting with these technologies.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Zedian Xiao , William Held , Yanchen Liu , Diyi Yang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have exhibited impressive capabilities across various visual tasks, yet they remain hindered by the persistent challenge of hallucinations. To address this critical issue, we propose Mixture of Decoding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Xinlong Chen , Yuanxing Zhang , Qiang Liu , Junfei Wu , Fuzheng Zhang , Tieniu Tan

Large Language Model (LLM) agents trained with reinforcement learning (RL) show great promise for solving complex, multi-step tasks. However, their performance is often crippled by "Context Explosion", where the accumulation of long text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xuanzhang Liu , Jianglun Feng , Zhuoran Zhuang , Junzhe Zhao , Maofei Que , Jieting Li , Dianlei Wang , Hao Tong , Ye Chen , Pan Li

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) offers a cost-effective solution for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), but it often produces overconfident predictions in data-scarce few-shot settings. To address this issue, several classical statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Amir Hossein Rahmati , Sanket Jantre , Weifeng Zhang , Yucheng Wang , Byung-Jun Yoon , Nathan M. Urban , Xiaoning Qian

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most widely used techniques for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). By introducing a small number of trainable low-rank weight matrices, LoRA substantially reduces the number of parameters that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Seokmin Ko

We demonstrate that Contrastive Decoding -- a simple, computationally light, and training-free text generation method proposed by Li et al 2022 -- achieves large out-of-the-box improvements over greedy decoding on a variety of reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Sean O'Brien , Mike Lewis

Large language models~(LLMs) exhibit exceptional performance in language tasks, yet their auto-regressive inference is limited due to high computational requirements and is sub-optimal due to the exposure bias. Inspired by speculative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Hongyi Yuan , Keming Lu , Fei Huang , Zheng Yuan , Chang Zhou

Recent work on test-time scaling for large language model (LLM) reasoning typically assumes that allocating more inference-time computation uniformly improves correctness. However, prior studies show that reasoning uncertainty is highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Lexiang Tang , Weihao Gao , Bingchen Zhao , Lu Ma , Qiao jin , Bang Yang , Yuexian Zou

Continual learning with vision-language models like CLIP offers a pathway toward scalable machine learning systems by leveraging its transferable representations. Existing CLIP-based methods adapt the pre-trained image encoder by adding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Mao-Lin Luo , Zi-Hao Zhou , Tong Wei , Min-Ling Zhang

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by using a lightweight draft model to propose tokens that are later verified by a stronger target model. While effective in centralized systems, its behavior in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jingwei Song , Wanyi Chen , Xinyuan Song , Max , Chris Tong , Gufeng Chen , Tianyi Zhao , Eric Yang , Bill Shi , Lynn Ai

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) use their vision encoders to translate images into representations for downstream reasoning, but the encoders often underperform in domain-specific visual tasks such as medical image diagnosis or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jason Wu , Tianchen Zhao , Chang Liu , Jiarui Cai , Zheng Zhang , Zhuowei Li , Aaditya Singh , Xiang Xu , Mani Srivastava , Jonathan Wu

Knowledge distillation (KD) has been a predominant method for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs). In this paper, we first revisit KD and Low-Rank Adaption (LoRA) and demonstrate that they follow the same paradigm. Inspired by this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Runming Yang , Taiqiang Wu , Jiahao Wang , Pengfei Hu , Yik-Chung Wu , Ngai Wong , Yujiu Yang