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Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (LLMs), which incorporate the non-parametric knowledge from external knowledge bases into LLMs, have emerged as a promising approach to enhancing response accuracy in several tasks, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Soyeong Jeong , Jinheon Baek , Sukmin Cho , Sung Ju Hwang , Jong C. Park

In various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, fine-tuning Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) often leads to the issue of spurious correlations, which negatively impacts performance, particularly when dealing with out-of-distribution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Suyoung Bae , Hyojun Kim , YunSeok Choi , Jee-Hyong Lee

Recent advancements in Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in improving graph representations. However, relying on predefined augmentations (e.g., node dropping, edge perturbation, attribute masking)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Khaled Mohammed Saifuddin , Shihao Ji , Esra Akbas

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with high parameter efficiency for downstream tasks has become a new paradigm. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) significantly reduces the number of trainable parameters for fine-tuning. Although it has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , He-Xi Qiu , Dong-Hai Zhu , Chun-Ming Xia

Contrastive Learning (CL) performances as a rising approach to address the challenge of sparse and noisy recommendation data. Although having achieved promising results, most existing CL methods only perform either hand-crafted data or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Xiuyuan Qin , Huanhuan Yuan , Pengpeng Zhao , Junhua Fang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Guanfeng Liu , Victor Sheng

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) lowers the computational and memory overhead of fine-tuning large models by updating a low-dimensional subspace of the pre-trained weight matrix. Albeit efficient, LoRA exhibits suboptimal convergence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yilang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Georgios B. Giannakis

Running Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is constrained by high compute and memory demands posing a barrier for real-time applications in sectors like healthcare, education, and embedded systems. Current solutions such as…

Large language models (LLMs) have not yet effectively leveraged the vast amounts of edge-device data, and federated learning (FL) offers a promising paradigm to collaboratively fine-tune LLMs without transferring private edge data to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Arian Raje , Baris Askin , Divyansh Jhunjhunwala , Gauri Joshi

Alignment of Large Language models (LLMs) is crucial for safe and trustworthy deployment in applications. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as an effective technique to align LLMs to human preferences and broader…

Continual learning (CL) in vision-language models (VLMs) faces significant challenges in improving task adaptation and avoiding catastrophic forgetting. Existing methods usually have heavy inference burden or rely on external knowledge,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhan Fa , Yue Duan , Jian Zhang , Lei Qi , Wanqi Yang , Yinghuan Shi

Large Multi-modal Models (LMMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable abilities in visual context understanding and coherent response generation. However, alongside these advancements, the issue of hallucinations has emerged as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Junho Kim , Hyunjun Kim , Yeonju Kim , Yong Man Ro

Large language model (LLM) decoding involves generating a sequence of tokens based on a given context, where each token is predicted one at a time using the model's learned probabilities. The typical autoregressive decoding method requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xukun Liu , Bowen Lei , Ruqi Zhang , Dongkuan Xu

As Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) becomes the standard approach for efficiently fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), shared clusters increasingly execute many concurrent LoRA training jobs over the same frozen backbone. While recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Kevin Li , Dibyadeep Saha , Avni Kanodia , Fan Lai

The remarkable performance of Large language models (LLMs) relies heavily on the availability of abundant high-quality training data. However, the high cost of acquiring annotated data often prevents models from obtaining capabilities to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mingxu Tao , Jie Hu , Mingchuan Yang , Yunhuai Liu , Dongyan Zhao , Yansong Feng

LLM have achieved success in many fields but still troubled by problematic content in the training corpora. LLM unlearning aims at reducing their influence and avoid undesirable behaviours. However, existing unlearning methods remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Hongbang Yuan , Zhuoran Jin , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) incorporates external knowledge into large language models (LLMs), improving their adaptability to downstream tasks and enabling information updates. Surprisingly, recent empirical evidence demonstrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yang Sun , Zhiyong Xie , Lixin Zou , Dan Luo , Min Tang , Xiangyu Zhao , Yunwei Zhao , Xixun Lin , Yanxiong Lu , Chenliang Li

Speculative decoding enhances the inference efficiency of large language models (LLMs) by generating drafts using a small draft language model (DLM) and verifying them in batches with a large target language model (TLM). However, adaptive…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ma Zirui , Fan Zhihua , Li Wenxing , Wu Haibin , Zhang Fulin , Ye Xiaochun , Li Wenming

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a widely adopted technique in text-to-image models, enabling precise rendering of multiple distinct elements, such as characters and styles, in multi-concept image generation. However, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Xiandong Zou , Mingzhu Shen , Christos-Savvas Bouganis , Yiren Zhao

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific information, e.g. sensitive or undesirable content, from large language models (LLMs) while preserving overall performance. We propose an inference-time unlearning algorithm that uses contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Vinith M. Suriyakumar , Ayush Sekhari , Ashia Wilson

Multi-task learning (MTL) benefits the fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) by providing a single model with improved performance and generalization ability across tasks, presenting a resource-efficient alternative to developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zi Gong , Hang Yu , Cong Liao , Bingchang Liu , Chaoyu Chen , Jianguo Li
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