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Approaches for compressing large-language models using low-rank decomposition have made strides, particularly with the introduction of activation and loss-aware SVD, which improves the trade-off between decomposition rank and downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sidhant Sundrani , Francesco Tudisco , Pasquale Minervini

We introduce ReALLM, a novel approach for compression and memory-efficient adaptation of pre-trained language models that encompasses most of the post-training quantization and fine-tuning methods for a budget of <4 bits. Pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Louis Leconte , Lisa Bedin , Van Minh Nguyen , Eric Moulines

Long-context inputs in large language models (LLMs) often suffer from the "lost in the middle" problem, where critical information becomes diluted or ignored due to excessive length. Context compression methods aim to address this by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xuancheng Li , Haitao Li , Yujia Zhou , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu

High-dimensional token embeddings underpin Large Language Models (LLMs), as they can capture subtle semantic information and significantly enhance the modelling of complex language patterns. However, this high dimensionality also introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mingxue Xu , Yao Lei Xu , Danilo P. Mandic

Matrices are exceptionally useful in various fields of study as they provide a convenient framework to organize and manipulate data in a structured manner. However, modern matrices can involve billions of elements, making their storage and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Rajarshi Saha , Varun Srivastava , Mert Pilanci

Large Language Models capable of handling extended contexts are in high demand, yet their inference remains challenging due to substantial Key-Value cache size and high memory bandwidth requirements. Previous research has demonstrated that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Junlin Mu , Hantao Huang , Jihang Zhang , Minghui Yu , Tao Wang , Yidong Li

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained popularity for fine-tuning large foundation models, leveraging low-rank matrices $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ to represent weight changes (i.e., $\Delta \mathbf{W} = \mathbf{B} \mathbf{A}$). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Aochuan Chen , Jiashun Cheng , Zijing Liu , Ziqi Gao , Fugee Tsung , Yu Li , Jia Li

Post-training quantization of Large Language Models (LLMs) is challenging. In this work, we introduce Low-rank Quantization Error Reduction (LQER), which combines quantization and low-rank approximation to recover the model capability. LQER…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Cheng Zhang , Jianyi Cheng , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in natural language processing and generation, yet their ability to handle long-context input remains constrained by the quadratic complexity of attention computation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Manlai Liang , Wanyi Huang , Mandi Liu , Huaijun Li , Jinlong Li

Low-rank approximation is a fundamental technique in modern data analysis, widely utilized across various fields such as signal processing, machine learning, and natural language processing. Despite its ubiquity, the mechanics of low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jun Lu

Adjusting the latency, power, and accuracy of natural language understanding models is a desirable objective of an efficient architecture. This paper proposes an efficient Transformer architecture that adjusts the inference computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Sajjad Kachuee , Mohammad Sharifkhani

Large language models are increasingly applied to multi-document and long-form inputs, yet long-context inference remains memory- and noise-inefficient. Key-value (KV) caching scales linearly with context length, while external retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Qingsen Ma , Dianyun Wang , Yaoye Wang , Lechen Ning , Sujie Zhu , Xiaohang Zhang , Jiaming Lyu , Linhao Ren , Zhenbo Xu , Zhaofeng He

The impressive capabilities of large foundation models come at a cost of substantial computing resources to serve them. Compressing these pre-trained models is of practical interest as it can democratize deploying them to the machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-04 Mehdi Makni , Kayhan Behdin , Zheng Xu , Natalia Ponomareva , Rahul Mazumder

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) incur significant computational cost from processing numerous vision tokens through all LLM layers. Prior pruning methods operate either before the LLM, limiting generality due to diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Omer Faruk Deniz , Ruiyu Mao , Ruochen Li , Yapeng Tian , Latifur Khan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown immense potential in enhancing various aspects of our daily lives, from conversational AI to search and AI assistants. However, their growing capabilities come at the cost of extremely large model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Yingyu Liang , Jiangxuan Long , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Yufa Zhou

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) aims to adapt pre-trained models to specific tasks using relatively small and domain-specific datasets. Among Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yarui Cao , Kai Liu

Deep Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction models play an important role in modern industrial recommendation scenarios. However, high memory overhead and computational costs limit their deployment in resource-constrained environments.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Hao Yu , Minghao Fu , Jiandong Ding , Yusheng Zhou , Jianxin Wu

Low Rank Decomposition of matrix - splitting a large matrix into a product of two smaller matrix offers a means for compression that reduces the parameters of a model without sparsification, and hence delivering more speedup on modern…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Ayush Kaushal , Tejas Vaidhya , Irina Rish

Sparse plus Low-Rank $(\mathbf{S} + \mathbf{LR})$ decomposition of Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising direction in model compression, aiming to decompose pre-trained model weights into a sum of sparse and low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Mehdi Makni , Xiang Meng , Rahul Mazumder

With the increasing size of large language models, layer pruning has gained increased attention as a hardware-friendly approach for model compression. However, existing layer pruning methods struggle to simultaneously address key practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Tao Yuan , Haoli Bai , Yinfei Pan , Xuyang Cao , Tianyu Zhang , Lu Hou , Ting Hu , Xianzhi Yu