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One of the critical phases in software development is software testing. Testing helps with identifying potential bugs and reducing maintenance costs. The goal of automated test generation tools is to ease the development of tests by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Arghavan Moradi Dakhel , Amin Nikanjam , Vahid Majdinasab , Foutse Khomh , Michel C. Desmarais

Software testing is a critical, yet resource-intensive phase of the software development lifecycle. Over the years, various automated tools have been developed to aid in this process. Search-based approaches typically achieve high coverage…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Pengyu Chang , Yixiong Fang , Silin Chen , Yuling Shi , Beijun Shen , Xiaodong Gu

With the rapid evolution of LLMs, automated software testing is witnessing a paradigm shift. While proprietary models like GPT-4o demonstrate impressive capabilities, their high deployment costs and data privacy concerns make open-source…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Guoqing Wang , Chengran Yang , Xiaoxuan Zhou , Zeyu Sun , Bo Wang , David Lo , Dan Hao

Software testing ensures the quality and reliability of software products, but manual test case creation is labor-intensive. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), there is growing interest in unit test creation with LLMs. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Hung-Fu Chang , Mohammad Shokrolah Shirazi

How to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) in code generation remains an open question. Existing benchmarks have two limitations - data leakage and lack of domain-specific evaluation. The former hurts the fairness of benchmarks, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jia Li , Ge Li , Xuanming Zhang , Yunfei Zhao , Yihong Dong , Zhi Jin , Binhua Li , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Ensemble learning has been widely used in machine learning to improve model robustness, accuracy, and generalization, but has not yet been applied to code generation tasks with large language models (LLMs). We propose an ensemble approach…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Tarek Mahmud , Bin Duan , Corina Pasareanu , Guowei Yang

Given the recent impressive accomplishments of language models (LMs) for code generation, we explore the use of LMs as adaptive mutation and crossover operators for an evolutionary neural architecture search (NAS) algorithm. While NAS still…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Angelica Chen , David M. Dohan , David R. So

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have created new opportunities to enhance performance on complex reasoning tasks by leveraging test-time computation. However, existing scaling methods have key limitations: parallel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Jiefeng Chen , Jie Ren , Xinyun Chen , Chengrun Yang , Ruoxi Sun , Jinsung Yoon , Sercan Ö Arık

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming global decision-making and societal systems by processing diverse data at unprecedented scales. However, their potential to homogenize human values poses critical risks, similar to biodiversity…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Luyao Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across diverse natural language processing tasks. However, these models exhibit a critical limitation in output diversity, often generating highly similar content across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhiwen Ruan , Yixia Li , Yefeng Liu , Yun Chen , Weihua Luo , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Software testing is a core discipline in software engineering where a large array of research results has been produced, notably in the area of automatic test generation. Because existing approaches produce test cases that either can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Laura Plein , Wendkûuni C. Ouédraogo , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

How to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) in code generation is an open question. Existing benchmarks demonstrate poor alignment with real-world code repositories and are insufficient to evaluate the coding abilities of LLMs. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jia Li , Ge Li , Xuanming Zhang , Yihong Dong , Zhi Jin

Test oracles play a crucial role in software testing, enabling effective bug detection. Despite initial promise, neural-based methods for automated test oracle generation often result in a large number of false positives and weaker test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Soneya Binta Hossain , Matthew Dwyer

Synthetic Data Generation (SDG), leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs), has recently been recognized and broadly adopted as an effective approach to improve the performance of smaller but more resource and compute efficient LLMs through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Srideepika Jayaraman , Achille Fokoue , Dhaval Patel , Jayant Kalagnanam

Code vulnerability detection is crucial for ensuring the security and reliability of modern software systems. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising capabilities in this domain. However, notable discrepancies in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Zhihong Sun , Jia Li , Yao Wan , Chuanyi Li , Hongyu Zhang , Zhi jin , Ge Li , Hong Liu , Chen Lyu , Songlin Hu

As software systems grow more complex, automated testing has become essential to ensuring reliability and performance. Traditional methods for boundary value test input generation can be time-consuming and may struggle to address all…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Xiujing Guo , Chen Li , Tatsuhiro Tsuchiya

Automated unit test generators, particularly search-based software testing tools like EvoSuite, are capable of generating tests with high coverage. Although these generators alleviate the burden of writing unit tests, they often pose…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Amirhossein Deljouyi , Roham Koohestani , Maliheh Izadi , Andy Zaidman

Research in the area of automated test generation has seen remarkable progress in recent years, resulting in several approaches and tools for effective and efficient generation of test cases. In particular, the EvoSuite tool has been at the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Fitsum Kifetew , Davide Prandi , Angelo Susi

In the realm of machine learning, traditional model development and automated approaches like AutoML typically rely on layers of abstraction, such as tree-based or Cartesian genetic programming. Our study introduces "Guided Evolution" (GE),…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Clint Morris , Michael Jurado , Jason Zutty

State-of-the-art search-based approaches for test case generation work at test case level, where tests are represented as sequences of statements. These approaches make use of genetic operators (i.e., mutation and crossover) that create…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Mitchell Olsthoorn , Pouria Derakhshanfar , Annibale Panichella