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Skin diseases impose a substantial burden on global healthcare systems, driven by their high prevalence (affecting up to 70% of the population), complex diagnostic processes, and a critical shortage of dermatologists in resource-limited…

Clinicians spend a significant amount of time reviewing medical images and transcribing their findings regarding patient diagnosis, referral and treatment in text form. Vision-language models (VLMs), which automatically interpret images and…

Foundation models are large-scale versatile systems trained on vast quantities of diverse data to learn generalizable representations. Their adaptability with minimal fine-tuning makes them particularly promising for medical imaging, where…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-20 Lucie Berger , Mathieu Lamard , Philippe Zhang , Laurent Borderie , Alexandre Le Guilcher , Pascale Massin , Béatrice Cochener , Gwenolé Quellec , Sarah Matta

Deep-learning-based approaches for retinal lesion segmentation often require an abundant amount of precise pixel-wise annotated data. However, coarse annotations such as circles or ellipses for outlining the lesion area can be six times…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Qinji Yu , Kang Dang , Ziyu Zhou , Yongwei Chen , Xiaowei Ding

Image-to-Image translation models can help mitigate various challenges inherent to medical image acquisition. Latent diffusion models (LDMs) leverage efficient learning in compressed latent space and constitute the core of state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Junhyeok Lee , Hyunwoong Kim , Hyungjin Chung , Heeseong Eom , Joon Jang , Chul-Ho Sohn , Kyu Sung Choi

This work explores the effectiveness of masked image modelling for learning representations of retinal OCT images. To this end, we leverage Masked Autoencoders (MAE), a simple and scalable method for self-supervised learning, to obtain a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Theodoros Pissas , Pablo Márquez-Neila , Sebastian Wolf , Martin Zinkernagel , Raphael Sznitman

Foundation models (FMs) have emerged as a transformative paradigm in medical image analysis, offering the potential to provide generalizable, task-agnostic solutions across a wide range of clinical tasks and imaging modalities. Their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Karma Phuntsho , Abdullah , Kyungmi Lee , Ickjai Lee , Euijoon Ahn

This study introduces a novel framework for enhancing domain generalization in medical imaging, specifically focusing on utilizing unlabelled multi-view colour fundus photographs. Unlike traditional approaches that rely on single-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ze Chen , Gongyu Zhang , Jiayu Huo , Joan Nunez do Rio , Charalampos Komninos , Yang Liu , Rachel Sparks , Sebastien Ourselin , Christos Bergeles , Timothy Jackson

Generalization in medical segmentation models is challenging due to limited annotated datasets and imaging variability. To address this, we propose Retinal Layout-Aware Diffusion (RLAD), a novel diffusion-based framework for generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jonathan Fhima , Jan Van Eijgen , Lennert Beeckmans , Thomas Jacobs , Moti Freiman , Luis Filipe Nakayama , Ingeborg Stalmans , Chaim Baskin , Joachim A. Behar

Noisy data and the similarity in the ocular appearances caused by different ophthalmic pathologies pose significant challenges for an automated expert system to accurately detect retinal diseases. In addition, the lack of knowledge…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-20 Sharif Amit Kamran , Alireza Tavakkoli , Stewart Lee Zuckerbrod

Patient face images provide a convenient mean for evaluating eye diseases, while also raising privacy concerns. Here, we introduce ROFI, a deep learning-based privacy protection framework for ophthalmology. Using weakly supervised learning…

Training visual embeddings with labeled data supervision has been the de facto setup for representation learning in computer vision. Inspired by recent success of adopting masked image modeling (MIM) in self-supervised representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Kaifeng Chen , Daniel Salz , Huiwen Chang , Kihyuk Sohn , Dilip Krishnan , Mojtaba Seyedhosseini

Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a critical imaging modality in clinical diagnosis and research, yet its complexity and heterogeneity hinder scalable, generalizable machine learning. Although foundation models have revolutionized language and…

Retinal image registration plays an important role in the ophthalmological diagnosis process. Since there exist variances in viewing angles and anatomical structures across different retinal images, keypoint-based approaches become the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yepeng Liu , Baosheng Yu , Tian Chen , Yuliang Gu , Bo Du , Yongchao Xu , Jun Cheng

Understanding how large-scale functional brain networks reorganize during cognitive decline remains a central challenge in neuroimaging. While recent self-supervised models have shown promise for learning representations from resting-state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Karanpartap Singh , Adam Turnbull , Mohammad Abbasi , Kilian Pohl , Feng Vankee Lin , Ehsan Adeli

This paper presents a novel approach, called Prototype-based Self-Distillation (ProS), for unsupervised face representation learning. The existing supervised methods heavily rely on a large amount of annotated training facial data, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Xing Di , Yiyu Zheng , Xiaoming Liu , Yu Cheng

Deep learning models have shown their advantage in many different tasks, including neuroimage analysis. However, to effectively train a high-quality deep learning model, the aggregation of a significant amount of patient information is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Xiaoxiao Li , Yufeng Gu , Nicha Dvornek , Lawrence Staib , Pamela Ventola , James S. Duncan

Retinal vessel segmentation plays a key role in computer-aided screening, diagnosis, and treatment of various cardiovascular and ophthalmic diseases. Recently, deep learning-based retinal vessel segmentation algorithms have achieved…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-05 Wei Feng , Lie Ju , Lin Wang , Kaimin Song , Xin Wang , Xin Zhao , Qingyi Tao , Zongyuan Ge

Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent and potentially life-threatening diseases worldwide, necessitating early and accurate diagnosis to improve patient outcomes. Conventional diagnostic methods, reliant on clinical expertise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Mirza Ahsan Ullah , Tehseen Zia

Deep learning has shown remarkable performance in medical image segmentation. However, despite its promise, deep learning has many challenges in practice due to its inability to effectively transition to unseen domains, caused by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Dewei Hu , Hao Li , Han Liu , Jiacheng Wang , Xing Yao , Daiwei Lu , Ipek Oguz