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The need for structures capable of accommodating complex evolutionary signals such as those found in, for example, wheat has fueled research into phylogenetic networks. Such structures generalize the standard phylogenetic tree model by also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-30 Philippe Gambette , Katharina T. Huber , Guillaume E. Scholz

The inference of phylogenetic networks, which model complex evolutionary processes including hybridization and gene flow, remains a central challenge in evolutionary biology. Until now, statistically consistent inference methods have been…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-14 Niels Holtgrefe , Elizabeth S. Allman , Hector Baños , Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton , John A. Rhodes , Kristina Wicke

Reconstructing a parsimonious phylogenetic network that displays multiple phylogenetic trees is an important problem in theory of phylogenetics, where the complexity of the inferred networks is measured by reticulation numbers. The…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-27 Yufeng Wu , Louxin Zhang

In this work, we answer an open problem in the study of phylogenetic networks. Phylogenetic trees are rooted binary trees in which all edges are directed away from the root, whereas phylogenetic networks are rooted acyclic digraphs. For the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-11-12 Andreas D. M. Gunawan , Bhaskar DasGupta , Louxin Zhang

The displayed tree phylogenetic network model is shown to sit as a natural submodel of the graphical model associated to a directed acyclic graph (DAG). This representation allows to derive a number of results about the displayed tree…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-01 Seth Sullivant

Phylogenetic trees canonically arise as embeddings of phylogenetic networks. We recently showed that the problem of deciding if two phylogenetic networks embed the same sets of phylogenetic trees is computationally hard, \blue{in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Janosch Doecker , Simone Linz , Charles Semple

In this article we study the treewidth of the \emph{display graph}, an auxiliary graph structure obtained from the fusion of phylogenetic (i.e., evolutionary) trees at their leaves. Earlier work has shown that the treewidth of the display…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Steven Kelk , Georgios Stamoulis , Taoyang Wu

Phylogenetic networks generalize phylogenetic trees by allowing reticulate evolutionary events such as horizontal gene transfer and hybridization. Among the many subclasses of phylogenetic networks, orchard networks have attracted…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-20 Peng Li , Zhiwei Liu , Yangjing Long

In the context of reconstructing phylogenetic networks from a collection of phylogenetic trees, several characterisations and subsequently algorithms have been established to reconstruct a phylogenetic network that collectively embeds all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Janosch Döcker , Simone Linz , Charles Semple

We provide precise asymptotic estimates for the number of general phylogenetic networks by using analytic combinatorial methods. Recently, this approach is studied by Fuchs, Gittenberger, and the author himself (Australasian Journal of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-01 Marefatollah Mansouri

As researchers collect increasingly large molecular data sets to reconstruct the Tree of Life, the heterogeneity of signals in the genomes of diverse organisms poses challenges for traditional phylogenetic analysis. A class of phylogenetic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-11 Liang Liu , Zhenxiang Xi , Shaoyuan Wu , Charles Davis , Scott V. Edwards

In phylogenetics, it is important for the phylogenetic network model parameters to be identifiable so that the evolutionary histories of a group of species can be consistently inferred. However, as the complexity of the phylogenetic network…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-04-27 Muhammad Ardiyansyah

Phylogenetic networks generalize evolutionary trees, and are commonly used to represent evolutionary histories of species that undergo reticulate evolutionary processes such as hybridization, recombination and lateral gene transfer.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-02 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton

Semi-directed phylogenetic networks have recently emerged as a class of phylogenetic networks sitting between rooted (directed) and unrooted (undirected) phylogenetic networks as they contain both directed as well as undirected edges. While…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-27 Simone Linz , Kristina Wicke

In evolutionary biology, phylogenetic networks are now widely used to represent the historical relationships between species and population, when this history includes reticulation events such as hybridization, gene flow and admixture…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Gerard Ribas , Joan Carles Pons , Cécile Ané

Structural information of phylogenetic tree topologies plays an important role in phylogenetic inference. However, finding appropriate topological structures for specific phylogenetic inference tasks often requires significant design effort…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-20 Cheng Zhang

Phylogenetic networks are rooted acyclic directed graphs in which the leaves are identified with members of a set X of species. The cluster of a vertex is the set of leaves that are descendants of the vertex. A network is "distinct-cluster"…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Stephen J. Willson

We consider the NP-hard Tree Containment problem that has important applications in phylogenetics. The problem asks if a given leaf-labeled network contains a subdivision of a given leaf-labeled tree. We develop a fast algorithm for the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-02-22 Mathias Weller

Genomes and genes diversify during evolution; however, it is unclear to what extent genes still retain the relationship among species. Model species for molecular phylogenetic studies include yeasts and viruses whose genomes were sequenced…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2008-06-09 Yunfeng Shan , Xiu-Qing Li

Reconstructing the evolutionary past of a family of genes is an important aspect of many genomic studies. To help with this, simple operations on a set of sequences called orthology relations may be employed. In addition to being…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-03-16 K. T. Huber , G. E. Scholz