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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but they still frequently produce hallucinations. These hallucinations are difficult to detect in reasoning-intensive tasks, where the content appears coherent but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Rui Min , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Minhao Cheng , Yi R. Fung

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in understanding visual information with human languages. However, LVLMs still suffer from object hallucination, which is the problem of generating descriptions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yiyang Zhou , Chenhang Cui , Jaehong Yoon , Linjun Zhang , Zhun Deng , Chelsea Finn , Mohit Bansal , Huaxiu Yao

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been hindered by their tendency to hallucinate, generating plausible but factually incorrect information. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems attempt to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Selva Taş , Mahmut El Huseyni , Özay Ezerceli , Reyhan Bayraktar , Fatma Betül Terzioğlu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently achieved impressive results in multimodal tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, they remain prone to object hallucination -- generating descriptions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinlin Li , Yuran Wang , Yifei Yuan , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xixian Yong , Yefeng Zheng , Xian Wu

Mitigating hallucinations in large vision-language models (LVLMs) remains an open problem. Recent benchmarks do not address hallucinations in open-ended free-form responses, which we term "Type I hallucinations". Instead, they focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Prannay Kaul , Zhizhong Li , Hao Yang , Yonatan Dukler , Ashwin Swaminathan , C. J. Taylor , Stefano Soatto

The increasing use of vision-language models (VLMs) in healthcare applications presents great challenges related to hallucinations, in which the models may generate seemingly plausible results that are in fact incorrect. Such hallucinations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Qiao Yan , Yuchen Yuan , Xiaowei Hu , Yihan Wang , Jiaqi Xu , Jinpeng Li , Chi-Wing Fu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in multimodal tasks, but remain susceptible to hallucinations, where generated text deviates from the underlying visual content. Existing hallucination detection methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Feiran Zhang , Yixin Wu , Zhenghua Wang , Xiaohua Wang , Changze Lv , Xuanjing Huang , Xiaoqing Zheng

Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) significantly undermine their reliability, motivating researchers to explore the causes of hallucination. However, most studies primarily focus on the language aspect rather than the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Zhangqi Jiang , Junkai Chen , Beier Zhu , Tingjin Luo , Yankun Shen , Xu Yang

Large language models(LLMs) excel at text generation and knowledge question-answering tasks, but they are prone to generating hallucinated content, severely limiting their application in high-risk domains. Current hallucination detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Shize Liang , Hongzhi Wang

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) -- generations that are plausible but factually unfaithful -- remain a critical barrier to high-stakes deployment. Current detection methods typically rely on computationally expensive external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Manish Bhatt

Large language models (LLMs) are known to "hallucinate" by generating false or misleading outputs. Hallucinations pose various harms, from erosion of trust to widespread misinformation. Existing hallucination evaluation, however, focuses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Prakhar Ganesh , Reza Shokri , Golnoosh Farnadi

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems remain vulnerable to hallucinated answers despite incorporating external knowledge sources. We present LettuceDetect a framework that addresses two critical limitations in existing hallucination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ádám Kovács , Gábor Recski

Visual hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), where the model generates responses that are inconsistent with the visual input, pose a significant challenge to their reliability, particularly in contexts where precise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nokimul Hasan Arif , Shadman Rabby , Md Hefzul Hossain Papon , Sabbir Ahmed

Contemporary Language Models (LMs), while impressively fluent, often generate content that is factually incorrect or unfaithful to the input context - a critical issue commonly referred to as 'hallucination'. This tendency of LMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Anwoy Chatterjee , Yash Goel , Tanmoy Chakraborty

While large language models (LLMs) have taken great strides towards helping humans with a plethora of tasks, hallucinations remain a major impediment towards gaining user trust. The fluency and coherence of model generations even when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Ben Snyder , Marius Moisescu , Muhammad Bilal Zafar

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress, yet the object hallucination remains a critical challenge for reliable deployment. In this paper, we present an in-depth analysis of instruction token embeddings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Runhe Lai , Xinhua Lu , Yanqi Wu , Jinlun Ye , Weijiang Yu , Ruixuan Wang

Large vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate strong performance in medical image understanding, but frequently generate clinically plausible yet incorrect statements, raising significant safety concerns. Existing medical hallucination…

Detecting hallucinations in Large Language Model-generated text is crucial for their safe deployment. While probing classifiers show promise, they operate on isolated layer-token pairs and are LLM-specific, limiting their effectiveness and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Guy Bar-Shalom , Fabrizio Frasca , Yaniv Galron , Yftah Ziser , Haggai Maron

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant interest in AI community. Despite their impressive generation capabilities, they have been found to produce misleading or fabricated information, a phenomenon known as hallucinations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wenyun Li , Zheng Zhang , Dongmei Jiang , Xiangyuan Lan

Detecting hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge for their trustworthy deployment. Going beyond basic uncertainty-driven hallucination detection frameworks, we propose a simple yet powerful method…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rui Wang , Zeming Wei , Guanzhang Yue , Meng Sun