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The "developmental hourglass" describes a pattern of increasing morphological divergence towards earlier and later embryonic development, separated by a period of significant conservation across distant species (the "phylotypic stage").…
During embryogenesis tissue layers continuously rearrange and fold into specific shapes. Developmental biology identified patterns of gene expression and cytoskeletal regulation underlying local tissue dynamics, but how actions of multiple…
Subcritical transition to turbulence in spatially developing boundary layer flows can be triggered efficiently by finite amplitude perturbations. In this work, we employ adjoint-based optimization to identify optimal initial perturbations…
Multiscale modelling aims to systematically construct macroscale models of materials with fine microscale structure. However, macroscale boundary conditions are typically not systematically derived, but rely on heuristic arguments,…
A wall-resolved large-eddy simulation (LES) of the fluid flow around a 30P30N airfoil is conducted at a Reynolds number of Rec=750,000 and an angle of attack (AoA) of 9 degrees. The simulation results are validated against experimental data…
For the nervous system to work at all, a delicate balance of excitation and inhibition must be achieved. However, when such a balance is sought by global strategies, only few modes remain balanced close to instability, and all other modes…
This contribution is concerned with mathematical models for the dynamics of the genetic composition of populations evolving under recombination. Recombination is the genetic mechanism by which two parent individuals create the mixed type of…
The Brownian bees model is a branching particle system with spatial selection. It is a system of $N$ particles which move as independent Brownian motions in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and independently branch at rate 1, and, crucially, at each…
We develop an immersed-boundary approach to modeling reaction-diffusion processes in dispersions of reactive spherical particles, from the diffusion-limited to the reaction-limited setting. We represent each reactive particle with a…
Binaries of supermassive black holes (MBHBs) represent the primary sources of the gravitational wave background (GWB) detectable by Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs). The eccentricity with which binaries form in galactic mergers is the key…
Boundary multifractality of electronic wave functions is studied analytically and numerically for the power-law random banded matrix (PRBM) model, describing a critical one-dimensional system with long-range hopping. The peculiarity of the…
The accumulation of helium bubbles at grain boundaries (GBs) critically degrades the mechanical integrity of structural materials in nuclear reactors. While GBs act as sinks for radiation-induced defects, their inherent structural…
Distributionally robust optimisation (DRO) minimises the worst-case expected loss over an ambiguity set that can capture distributional shifts in out-of-sample environments. While Huber (linear-vacuous) contamination is a classical…
Recent work in unsupervised representation learning has focused on learning deep directed latent-variable models. Fitting these models by maximizing the marginal likelihood or evidence is typically intractable, thus a common approximation…
A perturbation framework is developed to analyze metastable behavior in stochastic processes with random internal and external states. The process is assumed to be under weak noise conditions, and the case where the deterministic limit is…
The critical behaviour of correlation functions near a boundary is modified from that in the bulk. When the boundary is smooth this is known to be characterised by the surface scaling dimension $\xt$. We consider the case when the boundary…
While deep learning models and techniques have achieved great empirical success, our understanding of the source of success in many aspects remains very limited. In an attempt to bridge the gap, we investigate the decision boundary of a…
Inspired by birds flying through cluttered environments such as dense forests, this paper studies the theoretical foundations of a novel motion planning problem: high-speed navigation through a randomly-generated obstacle field when only…
Embryonic stem cells (ESC) have the potential to self-renew indefinitely and to differentiate into any of the three germ layers. The molecular mechanisms for self-renewal, maintenance of pluripotency and lineage specification are poorly…
We study best-policy identification for finite-horizon risk-sensitive reinforcement learning under the entropic risk measure. Recent work established a constant gap in the exponential horizon dependence between lower and upper bounds on the…