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Detecting obstacles in railway scenarios is both crucial and challenging due to the wide range of obstacle categories and varying ambient conditions such as weather and light. Given the impossibility of encompassing all obstacle categories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Qiushi Guo

Rail detection, essential for railroad anomaly detection, aims to identify the railroad region in video frames. Although various studies on rail detection exist, neither an open benchmark nor a high-speed network is available in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Xinpeng Li , Xiaojiang Peng

In recent years, interest in automatic train operations has significantly increased. To enable advanced functionalities, robust vision-based algorithms are essential for perceiving and understanding the surrounding environment. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Xavier Diaz , Gianluca D'Amico , Raul Dominguez-Sanchez , Federico Nesti , Max Ronecker , Giorgio Buttazzo

Reliable obstacle detection on railways could help prevent collisions that result in injuries and potentially damage or derail the train. Unfortunately, generic object detectors do not have enough classes to account for all possible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Matthias Brucker , Andrei Cramariuc , Cornelius von Einem , Roland Siegwart , Cesar Cadena

Level crossing accidents remain a significant safety concern in modern railway systems, particularly under adverse weather conditions that degrade sensor performance. This review surveys state-of-the-art sensor technologies and fusion…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Chenyang Yan , Mats Bengtsson

We introduce Synscapes -- a synthetic dataset for street scene parsing created using photorealistic rendering techniques, and show state-of-the-art results for training and validation as well as new types of analysis. We study the behavior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Magnus Wrenninge , Jonas Unger

This paper presents the Rail-5k dataset for benchmarking the performance of visual algorithms in a real-world application scenario, namely the rail surface defects detection task. We collected over 5k high-quality images from railways…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Zihao Zhang , Shaozuo Yu , Siwei Yang , Yu Zhou , Bingchen Zhao

To achieve a driverless train operation on mainline railways, actual and potential obstacles for the train's driveway must be detected automatically by appropriate sensor systems. Machine learning algorithms have proven to be powerful tools…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Rustam Tagiew , Martin Köppel , Karsten Schwalbe , Patrick Denzler , Philipp Neumaier , Tobias Klockau , Martin Boekhoff , Pavel Klasek , Roman Tilly

The railway industry is searching for new ways to automate a number of complex train functions, such as object detection, track discrimination, and accurate train positioning, which require the artificial perception of the railway…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Gianluca D'Amico , Mauro Marinoni , Federico Nesti , Giulio Rossolini , Giorgio Buttazzo , Salvatore Sabina , Gianluigi Lauro

Obstacle Detection is a central problem for any robotic system, and critical for autonomous systems that travel at high speeds in unpredictable environment. This is often achieved through scene depth estimation, by various means. When fast…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-07-22 Michele Mancini , Gabriele Costante , Paolo Valigi , Thomas A. Ciarfuglia

Understanding road scenes for visual perception remains crucial for intelligent self-driving cars. In particular, it is desirable to detect unexpected small road hazards reliably in real-time, especially under varying adverse conditions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jongoh Jeong , Taek-Jin Song , Jong-Hwan Kim , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Developing robust drone detection systems is often constrained by the limited availability of large-scale annotated training data and the high costs associated with real-world data collection. However, leveraging synthetic data generated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tamara R. Lenhard , Andreas Weinmann , Kai Franke , Tobias Koch

Object detection in radar imagery with neural networks shows great potential for improving autonomous driving. However, obtaining annotated datasets from real radar images, crucial for training these networks, is challenging, especially in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Oded Bialer , Yuval Haitman

Deep Learning became an ubiquitous paradigm due to its extraordinary effectiveness and applicability in numerous domains. However, the approach suffers from the high demand of data required to achieve the potential of this type of model. An…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Andrei-Robert Alexandrescu , Razvan-Gabriel Petec , Alexandru Manole , Laura-Silvia Diosan

Perception tasks play a crucial role in the development of automated operations and systems across multiple application fields. In the railway transportation domain, these tasks can improve the safety, reliability, and efficiency of various…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Gianluca D'Amico , Mauro Marinoni , Giorgio Buttazzo

Tram-human interaction safety is an important challenge, given that trams frequently operate in densely populated areas, where collisions can range from minor injuries to fatal outcomes. This paper addresses the issue from the perspective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Ondřej Valach , Ivan Gruber

Although deep learning has significantly advanced the perception capabilities of intelligent transportation systems, railway applications continue to suffer from a scarcity of high-quality, annotated data for safety-critical tasks like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Federico Nesti , Gianluca D'Amico , Mauro Marinoni , Giorgio Buttazzo

Progress in the field of machine learning has been fueled by the introduction of benchmark datasets pushing the limits of existing algorithms. Enabling the design of datasets to test specific properties and failure modes of learning…

In the field of railway automation, one of the key challenges has been the development of effective computer vision systems due to the limited availability of high-quality, sequential data. Traditional datasets are restricted in scope,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Josh Hunter , John McDermid , Simon Burton , Poppy Fynes , Mia Dempster

Obstacle detection in railway environments is crucial for ensuring safety. However, very few studies address the problem using a complete, modular, and flexible system that can both detect objects in the scene and estimate their distance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Enrico Francesco Giannico , Federico Nesti , Gianluca D'Amico , Mauro Marinoni , Edoardo Carosio , Filippo Salotti , Salvatore Sabina , Giorgio Buttazzo
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