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We present the first fixed-length elementary closed-form expressions for the prime-counting function, $\pi(n)$, and the $n$-th prime number, $p(n)$. These expressions are arithmetic terms, requiring only a finite and fixed number of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Mihai Prunescu , Joseph M. Shunia

In the first paper under this title (1977), the first author utilized a duality identity between the largest and smallest prime factors involving the Moebius function, to establish the following result as a consequence of the Prime Number…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-25 Krishnaswami Alladi , Jason Johnson

We prove a new equidistribution estimate for the divisor function in arithmetic progression to moduli that have two small factors. We give two applications. First, we show an asymptotic formula for the divisor function over arithmetic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Lasse Grimmelt , Jori Merikoski

Given a prime $p \ge 5$ and an abstract odd representation $\rho_n$ with coefficients modulo $p^n$ (for some $n \ge 1$) and big image, we prove the existence of a lift of $\rho_n$ to characteristic $0$ whenever local lifts exist (under some…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-03-17 Maximiliano Camporino , Ariel Pacetti

We investigate the problem of the distribution of sums of functions of prime numbers located on an arithmetic progression. This problem is closely related to the problem of the distribution of prime numbers on an arithmetic progression.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Victor Volfson

We prove explicit versions of Cram\'er's theorem for primes in arithmetic progressions, on the assumption of the generalized Riemann hypothesis.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-15 Adrian W. Dudek , Loïc Grenié , Giuseppe Molteni

We provide examples of multiplicative functions $f$ supported on the $k$-free integers such that at primes $f(p)=\pm 1$ and such that the partial sums of $f$ up to $x$ are $o(x^{1/k})$. Further, if we assume the Generalized Riemann…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-15 Marco Aymone , Caio Bueno , Kevin Medeiros

Let $\delta(p)$ tend to zero arbitrarily slowly as $p\to\infty$. We exhibit an explicit set $\mathcal{S}$ of primes $p$, defined in terms of simple functions of the prime factors of $p-1$, for which the least primitive root of $p$ is $\le…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-08 Kevin Ford , Mikhail R. Gabdullin , Andrew Granville

In this paper we establish a new explicit upper and lower bound for the $n$-th prime number, which improve the currently best estimates given by Dusart in 2010. As the main tool we use some recently obtained explicit estimates for the prime…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-05 Christian Axler

Let $P^{\left(\frac 12\right)}(n)$ denote the middle prime factor of $n$ (taking into account multiplicity). More generally, one can consider, for any $\alpha \in (0,1)$, the $\alpha$-positioned prime factor of $n$, $P^{(\alpha)}(n)$. It…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-03 Nathan McNew , Paul Pollack , Akash Singha Roy

This is the first of two coupled papers estimating the mean values of multiplicative functions, of unknown support, on arithmetic progressions with large differences. Applications are made to the study of primes in arithmetic progression…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-29 P. D. T. A. Elliott , Jonathan Kish

In a recent paper, K. Soundararajan showed, roughly speaking, that the integers smaller than x whose prime factors are less than y are asymptotically equidistributed in arithmetic progressions to modulus q, provided that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-03-11 Adam J. Harper

A numeric function $\rho$: $\rho(k)=1+\frac{k-1}{k+1}, k \in N$ was considered in [1]. In its terms criterions of finite representability and tameness of marked quivers, posets with equivalence and dyadic posets can be obtained; Dynkin…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 I. K. Redchuk , A. V. Roiter

Let $\{\cdot\}$ denote the fractional part and $n \geq 1$ be a fixed integer. In this short note, we show for any prime $p$ the one-to-one correspondence $$\sum_{\nu \geq 1} \left\{\frac{n}{p^\nu}\right\} > 1 \quad \iff \quad p \mid…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-24 Bernd C. Kellner

Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we prove the latest explicit version of the prime number theorem for short intervals. Using this result, and assuming the generalised Riemann hypothesis for Dirichlet $L$-functions is true, we then establish…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-10 Ethan S. Lee

A 1976 result from Norton may be used to give an asymptotic (but not explicit) description of the constant in Mertens' second theorem for primes in arithmetic progressions. Assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, we give an effective…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-27 Daniel Keliher , Ethan Simpson Lee

Using a smoothing function and recent knowledge on the zeros of the Riemann zeta-function, we compute pairs of $(\Delta,x_0)$ such that for all $x \geq x_0$ there exists at least one prime in the interval $(x(1 - \Delta^{-1}), x]$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-15 Michaela Cully-Hugill , Ethan S. Lee

We obtain an asymptotic formula for the average value of the divisor function over the integers $n \le x$ in an arithmetic progression $n \equiv a \pmod q$, where $q=p^k$ for a prime $p\ge 3$ and a sufficiently large integer $k$. In…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Kui Liu , Igor E. Shparlinski , Tianping Zhang

Green and Tao proved that the primes contains arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions. We show that, essentially the same proof leads to the following result: The primes in an short interval contains many arithmetic progressions of any…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Chunlei Liu

A primorial prime is a prime number of the form $p_n\# \pm 1$ where $p_n\#$ denotes the product of all primes less than or equal to $p_{n}$, the $n$-th prime. We show that the probability along the lines of Mertens' Theorem that either…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-12 George Lillie