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Latent variable models are popularly used to measure latent factors (e.g., abilities and personalities) from large-scale assessment data. Beyond understanding these latent factors, the covariate effect on responses controlling for latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Jing Ouyang , Chengyu Cui , Kean Ming Tan , Gongjun Xu

This work pushes the boundaries of learning-based methods in autonomous robot exploration in terms of environmental scale and exploration efficiency. We present HEADER, an attention-based reinforcement learning approach with hierarchical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yuhong Cao , Yizhuo Wang , Jingsong Liang , Shuhao Liao , Yifeng Zhang , Peizhuo Li , Guillaume Sartoretti

Factor models are widely applied to the analysis of multivariate data across disparate fields of research. However, modern scientific data are often incomplete, and estimating a factor model from partially observed data can be very…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-24 Giuseppe Vinci

Hierarchical modeling provides a framework for modeling the complex interactions typical of problems in applied statistics. By capturing these relationships, however, hierarchical models also introduce distinctive pathologies that quickly…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-12-04 M. J. Betancourt , Mark Girolami

Taxonomy is a hierarchically structured knowledge graph that plays a crucial role in machine intelligence. The taxonomy expansion task aims to find a position for a new term in an existing taxonomy to capture the emerging knowledge in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Suyuchen Wang , Ruihui Zhao , Xi Chen , Yefeng Zheng , Bang Liu

Identifying latent variables and causal structures from observational data is essential to many real-world applications involving biological data, medical data, and unstructured data such as images and languages. However, this task can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Lingjing Kong , Biwei Huang , Feng Xie , Eric Xing , Yuejie Chi , Kun Zhang

Factor models are widely used to reduce dimensionality in modeling high-dimensional data. However, there remains a need for models that can be reliably fit in modest sample sizes and are identifiable, interpretable, and flexible. To address…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-19 Maoran Xu , Steven Winter , Amy H. Herring , David B. Dunson

In this paper, we propose a data representation model that demonstrates hierarchical feature learning using nsNMF. We extend unit algorithm into several layers. Experiments with document and image data successfully discovered feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-19 Hyun Ah Song , Soo-Young Lee

In myriad statistical applications, data are collected from related but heterogeneous sources. These sources share some commonalities while containing idiosyncratic characteristics. One of the most fundamental challenges in such scenarios…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-29 Naichen Shi , Raed Al Kontar , Salar Fattahi

Parameter identifiability refers to the capability of accurately inferring the parameter values of a model from its observations (data). Traditional analysis methods exploit analytical properties of the closed form model, in particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Nikolaos Evangelou , Alexander M. Stankovic , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis , Mark K. Transtrum

This paper considers the estimation and inference of the low-rank components in high-dimensional matrix-variate factor models, where each dimension of the matrix-variates ($p \times q$) is comparable to or greater than the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-20 Elynn Y. Chen , Jianqing Fan

Estimates of the approximate factor model are increasingly used in empirical work. Their theoretical properties, studied some twenty years ago, also laid the ground work for analysis on large dimensional panel data models with cross-section…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-08-04 Jushan Bai , Serena Ng

Factor analysis (FA) is a statistical tool for studying how observed variables with some mutual dependences can be expressed as functions of mutually independent unobserved factors, and it is widely applied throughout the psychological,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-01 Alex Markham , Mingyu Liu , Bryon Aragam , Liam Solus

Exploratory data analysis is crucial for developing and understanding classification models from high-dimensional datasets. We explore the utility of a new unsupervised tree ensemble called uncharted forest for visualizing class…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-03 Casey Kneale , Steven D. Brown

Factor analysis refers to a statistical model in which observed variables are conditionally independent given fewer hidden variables, known as factors, and all the random variables follow a multivariate normal distribution. The parameter…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-04 Mathias Drton , Bernd Sturmfels , Seth Sullivant

Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) is a particular form of factor analysis, most commonly used in social research. In confirmatory factor analysis, the researcher first develops a hypothesis about what factors they believe are underlying…

Applications · Statistics 2019-05-15 Rui Portocarrero Sarmento , Vera Costa

High-dimensional data are crucial in biomedical research. Integrating such data from multiple studies is a critical process that relies on the choice of advanced statistical models, enhancing statistical power, reproducibility, and…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-24 Mavis Liang , Blake Hansen , Alejandra Avalos-Pacheco , Roberta De Vito

Structural transformation, the shift from agrarian economies to more diversified industrial and service-based systems, is a key driver of economic development. However, in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), data scarcity and…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-02 Ronald Katende

Hierarchical reinforcement learning has demonstrated significant success at solving difficult reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. Previous works have motivated the use of hierarchy by appealing to a number of intuitive benefits, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Ofir Nachum , Haoran Tang , Xingyu Lu , Shixiang Gu , Honglak Lee , Sergey Levine

Factor Analysis based on multivariate $t$ distribution ($t$fa) is a useful robust tool for extracting common factors on heavy-tailed or contaminated data. However, $t$fa is only applicable to vector data. When $t$fa is applied to matrix…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-05 Xuan Ma , Jianhua Zhao , Changchun Shang , Fen Jiang , Philip L. H. Yu