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We review recent experimental, numerical, and analytical results on active suspensions of self-propelled colloidal beads moving in (quasi) two dimensions. Active colloids form part of the larger theme of active matter, which is noted for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-09-03 Julian Bialké , Thomas Speck , Hartmut Löwen

We present a comprehensive study of Vicsek-style self-propelled particle models in two and three space dimensions. The onset of collective motion in such stochastic models with only local alignment interactions is studied in detail and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hugues Chaté , Francesco Ginelli , Guillaume Grégoire , Franck Raynaud

To study the interplay of jamming, cluster formation, and motility-induced phase separation in the zero temperature limit in two dimensions, we consider a simple model system consisting of a bidisperse mixture of disks that are only subject…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-06-16 Michael Schmiedeberg

We study the collective behaviour of an ensemble of coupled motile elements whose interactions depend on time and are alternatively attractive or repulsive. The evolution of interactions is driven by individual internal variables with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Damian H. Zanette , Alexander S. Mikhailov

Inspired by motile cells in tissue formation, we find that active systems of self-aligning adhesive particles undergo ballistic aggregation through a flocking transition. This kinetic regime emerges when the cluster persistence length grows…

We investigate active particles that exhibit long-range interactions only restricted by a field of view, which is characterized by an angle $\beta$. We show that constraining attractive interactions to a field of view leads to the emergence…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Edgardo Brigatti , Fernando Peruani

We investigate the effect of cooperative interactions in an ensemble of microorganisms, modelled as self-propelled disk-like and rod-like particles, in a three-dimensional turbulent flow to show flocking as an emergent phenomenon. Building…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-20 Anupam Gupta , Amal Roy , Arnab Saha , Samriddhi Sankar Ray

Current artificial intelligence systems show near-human-level capabilities when deployed in isolation. Systems of a few collaborating intelligent agents are being engineered to perform tasks collectively. This raises the question of whether…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-08 Onurcan Bektas , Adolfo Alsina , Steffen Rulands

Directional motion is commonly observed in various living active systems, such as bacterial colonies moving through confined environments. In these systems, the dynamics arise from the collective effects of mutual interactions between…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-26 Rahul Chand , Ashutosh Shukla , G V Pavan Kumar

Many simple natural phenomena are characterized by complex motion that appears random at first glance, but that often displays underlying patterns and behavior that can be clustered in groups. The movement of small pieces of paper falling…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-10-10 Arthur A. B. Pessa , Matjaz Perc , Haroldo V. Ribeiro

A wide range of experimental systems including gliding, swarming and swimming bacteria, in-vitro motility assays as well as shaken granular media are commonly described as self-propelled rods. Large ensembles of those entities display a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-18 Markus Bär , Robert Großmann , Sebastian Heidenreich , Fernando Peruani

Studies of active matter, from molecular assemblies to animal groups, have revealed two broad classes of behavior: a tendency to align yields orientational order and collective motion, whereas particle repulsion leads to self-trapping and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-23 Jie Zhang , Ricard Alert , Jing Yan , Ned S. Wingreen , Steve Granick

Collections of interacting, self-propelled particles have been extensively studied as minimal models of many living and synthetic systems from bird flocks to active colloids. However, the influence of active rotations in the absence of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-11-23 Benjamin C. van Zuiden , Jayson Paulose , William T. M. Irvine , Denis Bartolo , Vincenzo Vitelli

A large variety of microorganisms produce molecules to communicate via complex signaling mechanisms such as quorum sensing and chemotaxis. The biological diversity is enormous, but synthetic inanimate colloidal microswimmers mimic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-10-01 Jens Grauer , Hartmut Löwen , Avraham Be'er , Benno Liebchen

The living-together of distinct organisms in a single termite nest along with the termite builder colony, is emblematic in its ecological and evolutionary significance. On top of preserving biodiversity, these interspecific and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-08-19 Og DeSouza , Elio Tuci , Octavio Miramontes

Swarming or collective motion of living entities is one of the most common and spectacular manifestations of living systems having been extensively studied in recent years. A number of general principles have been established. The…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2014-06-06 Elod Mehes , Tamas Vicsek

We study a cluster Ising model with non-Hermitian external field which can be exactly solved in the language of free fermions. By investigating the second derivative of energy density and fidelity, the possible new critical points are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-31 Zheng-Xin Guo , Xue-Jia Yu , Xi-Dan Hu , Zhi Li

The emergence of clustering and coarsening in crowded ensembles of self-propelled agents is studied using a lattice model in one-dimension. The persistent exclusion process, where particles move at directions that change randomly at a low…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-24 Nestor Sepulveda , Rodrigo Soto

Collective motion - or flocking - is an emergent phenomena that underlies many biological processes of relevance, from cellular migrations to animal groups movement. In this work, we derive scaling relations for the fluctuations of the mean…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-02-13 Martino Brambati , Giuseppe Fava , Francesco Ginelli

The effect of crowding on the run-and-tumble dynamics of swimmers such as bacteria is studied using a discrete lattice model of mutually excluding particles that move with constant velocity along a direction that is randomized at a rate…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-16 Rodrigo Soto , Ramin Golestanian