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Understanding molecular structure, dynamics, and reactivity requires bridging processes that occur across widely separated time scales. Conventional molecular dynamics simulations provide atomistic resolution, but their femtosecond time…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Juan Viguera Diez , Mathias Schreiner , Simon Olsson

Searching new molecules in areas like drug discovery often starts from the core structures of candidate molecules to optimize the properties of interest. The way as such has called for a strategy of designing molecules retaining a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Jaechang Lim , Sang-Yeon Hwang , Seungsu Kim , Seokhyun Moon , Woo Youn Kim

The strict selectivity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) represents one of the most formidable challenges to successful central nervous system (CNS) drug delivery. Computational methods to generate BBB permeable drugs in silico may be…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-02 Ayush Noori , Iñaki Arango , William E. Byrd , Nada Amin

Design generation, in its essence, is a step-by-step process where designers progressively refine and enhance their work through careful modifications. Despite this fundamental characteristic, existing approaches mainly treat design…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Faizan Farooq Khan , K J Joseph , Koustava Goswami , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan

High-fidelity generative models are increasingly needed in privacy-sensitive scenarios, where access to data is severely restricted due to regulatory and copyright constraints. This scarcity hampers model development--ironically, in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xuemei Jia , Jiawei Du , Hui Wei , Jun Chen , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Zheng Wang

In machine learning and molecular design, there exist two approaches: discriminative and generative. In the discriminative approach dubbed forward design, the goal is to map a set of features/molecules to their respective electronics…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-04-24 Alain Tchagang , Julio Valdés

Generative models are becoming a tool of choice for exploring the molecular space. These models learn on a large training dataset and produce novel molecular structures with similar properties. Generated structures can be utilized for…

Chemical reactions are the fundamental building blocks of drug design and organic chemistry research. In recent years, there has been a growing need for a large-scale deep-learning framework that can efficiently capture the basic rules of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Bo Qiang , Yiran Zhou , Yuheng Ding , Ningfeng Liu , Song Song , Liangren Zhang , Bo Huang , Zhenming Liu

Generative artificial intelligence has revolutionized the exploration of chemical space, yet a critical bottleneck remains that a substantial fraction of generated molecules is synthetically inaccessible. Current solutions, such as post-hoc…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Junren Li , Luhua Lai

Diffusion models have emerged as a leading framework in generative modeling, poised to transform the traditionally slow and costly process of drug discovery. This review provides a systematic comparison of their application in designing two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Yiquan Wang , Yahui Ma , Yuhan Chang , Jiayao Yan , Jialin Zhang , Minnuo Cai , Kai Wei

Molecule generation is central to a variety of applications. Current attention has been paid to approaching the generation task as subgraph prediction and assembling. Nevertheless, these methods usually rely on hand-crafted or external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Xiangzhe Kong , Wenbing Huang , Zhixing Tan , Yang Liu

Engineering biology requires precise control of biomolecular circuits, and Cybergenetics is the field dedicated to achieving this goal. A significant challenge in developing controllers for cellular functions is designing systems that can…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-18 Hamza Faquir , Manuel Pájaro , Irene Otero-Muras

Designing new molecules with a set of predefined properties is a core problem in modern drug discovery and development. There is a growing need for de-novo design methods that would address this problem. We present MolecularRNN, the graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Mariya Popova , Mykhailo Shvets , Junier Oliva , Olexandr Isayev

Recently, deep generative models have revealed itself as a promising way of performing de novo molecule design. However, previous research has focused mainly on generating SMILES strings instead of molecular graphs. Although current graph…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-04-24 Yibo Li , Liangren Zhang , Zhenming Liu

Synthetic molecular dynamics (synMD) trajectories from learned generative models have been proposed as a useful addition to the biomolecular simulation toolbox. The computational expense of explicitly integrating the equations of motion in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-05 John D. Russo , Daniel M. Zuckerman

The development of novel pharmaceuticals represents a significant challenge in modern science, with substantial costs and time investments. Deep generative models have emerged as promising tools for accelerating drug discovery by…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Adarsh Singh

In the last few years, de novo molecular design using machine learning has made great technical progress but its practical deployment has not been as successful. This is mostly owing to the cost and technical difficulty of synthesizing such…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-06 Qi Zhang , Chang Liu , Stephen Wu , Ryo Yoshida

Recent advancements in generative models have unlocked the capabilities to render photo-realistic data in a controllable fashion. Trained on the real data, these generative models are capable of producing realistic samples with minimal to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Abhay Rawat , Shubham Dokania , Astitva Srivastava , Shuaib Ahmed , Haiwen Feng , Rahul Tallamraju

Controllable code generation, the ability to synthesize code that follows a specified style while maintaining functionality, remains a challenging task. We propose a two-stage training framework combining contrastive learning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Dutao Zhang , Nicolas Rafael Arroyo Arias , YuLong He , Sergey Kovalchuk

Operational decisions in healthcare, logistics, and public policy increasingly involve algorithms that recommend candidate solutions, such as treatment plans, delivery routes, or policy options, while leaving the final choice to human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Michael Lingzhi Li , Shixiang Zhu
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