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In cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (CMARL), it is critical for agents to achieve a balance between self-exploration and team collaboration. However, agents can hardly accomplish the team task without coordination and they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Shaowei Zhang , Jiahan Cao , Lei Yuan , Yang Yu , De-Chuan Zhan

Recently, deep multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) has become a highly active research area as many real-world problems can be inherently viewed as multiagent systems. A particularly interesting and widely applicable class of problems…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Yaodong Yang , Jianye Hao , Guangyong Chen , Hongyao Tang , Yingfeng Chen , Yujing Hu , Changjie Fan , Zhongyu Wei

Recent advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) have achieved super-human performance in games like Quake 3 and Dota 2. Unfortunately, these techniques require orders-of-magnitude more training rounds than humans and don't…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Tianjun Zhang , Huazhe Xu , Xiaolong Wang , Yi Wu , Kurt Keutzer , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Yuandong Tian

Credit assignment in Meta-reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) is still poorly understood. Existing methods either neglect credit assignment to pre-adaptation behavior or implement it naively. This leads to poor sample-efficiency during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Jonas Rothfuss , Dennis Lee , Ignasi Clavera , Tamim Asfour , Pieter Abbeel

We address the conflicting requirements of a multi-agent assignment problem through constrained reinforcement learning, emphasizing the inadequacy of standard regularization techniques for this purpose. Instead, we recur to a state…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Leopoldo Agorio , Sean Van Alen , Miguel Calvo-Fullana , Santiago Paternain , Juan Andres Bazerque

Many scenarios in mobility and traffic involve multiple different agents that need to cooperate to find a joint solution. Recent advances in behavioral planning use Reinforcement Learning to find effective and performant behavior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Lukas M. Schmidt , Johanna Brosig , Axel Plinge , Bjoern M. Eskofier , Christopher Mutschler

In cooperative multi-agent tasks, a team of agents jointly interact with an environment by taking actions, receiving a team reward and observing the next state. During the interactions, the uncertainty of environment and reward will…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Jian Zhao , Mingyu Yang , Youpeng Zhao , Xunhan Hu , Wengang Zhou , Jiangcheng Zhu , Houqiang Li

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has attracted much research attention recently. However, unlike its single-agent counterpart, many theoretical and algorithmic aspects of MARL have not been well-understood. In this paper, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Siliang Zeng , Tianyi Chen , Alfredo Garcia , Mingyi Hong

Exploration is a difficult challenge in reinforcement learning and is of prime importance in sparse reward environments. However, many of the state of the art deep reinforcement learning algorithms, that rely on epsilon-greedy, fail on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Navneet Madhu Kumar

[Context] Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved notable success in environments where agents must learn coordinated behaviors. However, transferring knowledge across agents remains challenging in non-stationary environments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Kathrin Korte , Christian Medeiros Adriano , Sona Ghahremani , Holger Giese

Exploration in environments with sparse rewards remains a fundamental challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). Existing approaches such as curriculum learning and Go-Explore often rely on hand-crafted heuristics, while curiosity-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Georgios Sotirchos , Zlatan Ajanović , Jens Kober

Causal reasoning is increasingly used in Reinforcement Learning (RL) to improve the learning process in several dimensions: efficacy of learned policies, efficiency of convergence, generalisation capabilities, safety and interpretability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Giovanni Briglia , Stefano Mariani , Franco Zambonelli

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is making rapid progress for solving tasks in a grid world and real-world scenarios, in which agents are given different attributes and goals, resulting in different behavior through the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Siyi Hu , Chuanlong Xie , Xiaodan Liang , Xiaojun Chang

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has gained wide attention in recent years and has made progress in various fields. Specifically, cooperative MARL focuses on training a team of agents to cooperatively achieve tasks that are…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Lei Yuan , Ziqian Zhang , Lihe Li , Cong Guan , Yang Yu

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown clear effectiveness in coordinating multiple agents across simulated benchmarks and constrained scenarios. However, its deployment in real-world multi-agent systems (MAS) remains limited,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Siyi Hu , Mohamad A Hady , Jianglin Qiao , Jimmy Cao , Mahardhika Pratama , Ryszard Kowalczyk

Cooperative Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is crucial for cooperative decentralized decision learning in many domains such as search and rescue, drone surveillance, package delivery and fire fighting problems. In these domains, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Rajiv Ranjan Kumar , Pradeep Varakantham

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a promising area of research that can model and control multiple, autonomous decision-making agents. During online training, MARL algorithms involve performance-intensive computations such as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Kailash Gogineni , Peng Wei , Tian Lan , Guru Venkataramani

Recent advancements in agentic test-time scaling allow models to gather environmental feedback before committing to final actions. A key limitation of existing methods is that they typically employ undifferentiated exploration strategies,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xingyuan Hua , Sheng Yue , Ju Ren

Sample efficiency remains a key challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). A promising approach is to learn a meaningful latent representation space through auxiliary learning objectives alongside the MARL objective to aid in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

Reinforcement learning usually uses the feedback rewards of environmental to train agents. But the rewards in the actual environment are sparse, and even some environments will not rewards. Most of the current methods are difficult to get…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Kai Jiang , XiaoLong Qin
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