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Deep neural networks (DNNs) have progressed rapidly during the past decade and have been deployed in various real-world applications. Meanwhile, DNN models have been shown to be vulnerable to security and privacy attacks. One such attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Xiaoyi Chen , Ahmed Salem , Dingfan Chen , Michael Backes , Shiqing Ma , Qingni Shen , Zhonghai Wu , Yang Zhang

Recent advances in vision-language-action (VLA) models have greatly improved embodied AI, enabling robots to follow natural language instructions and perform diverse tasks. However, their reliance on uncurated training datasets raises…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Zirun Zhou , Zhengyang Xiao , Haochuan Xu , Jing Sun , Di Wang , Jingfeng Zhang

Adversarial attacks on Natural Language Processing (NLP) models expose vulnerabilities by introducing subtle perturbations to input text, often leading to misclassification while maintaining human readability. Existing methods typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Hetvi Waghela , Jaydip Sen , Sneha Rakshit , Subhasis Dasgupta

Large Language Models (LLMs) are valuable for text classification, but their vulnerabilities must not be disregarded. They lack robustness against adversarial examples, so it is pertinent to understand the impacts of different types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 João Vitorino , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Although pre-trained language models (PrLMs) have achieved significant success, recent studies demonstrate that PrLMs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. By generating adversarial examples with slight perturbations on different levels…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Jiayi Wang , Rongzhou Bao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

In the realm of large vision language models (LVLMs), jailbreak attacks serve as a red-teaming approach to bypass guardrails and uncover safety implications. Existing jailbreaks predominantly focus on the visual modality, perturbing solely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Zonghao Ying , Aishan Liu , Tianyuan Zhang , Zhengmin Yu , Siyuan Liang , Xianglong Liu , Dacheng Tao

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) rely on attention-based retrieval of safety instructions to maintain alignment during generation. Existing attacks typically optimize image perturbations to maximize harmful output likelihood, but suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jingru Li , Wei Ren , Tianqing Zhu

Adversarial attack research in natural language processing (NLP) has made significant progress in designing powerful attack methods and defence approaches. However, few efforts have sought to identify which source samples are the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Vyas Raina , Mark Gales

Adversarial attacks are label-preserving modifications to inputs of machine learning classifiers designed to fool machines but not humans. Natural Language Processing (NLP) has mostly focused on high-level attack scenarios such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Steffen Eger , Yannik Benz

With the rapid advancement and widespread application of vision-language pre-training (VLP) models, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks has become a critical concern. In general, the adversarial examples can typically be designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuanbo Li , Tianyang Xu , Cong Hu , Tao Zhou , Xiao-Jun Wu , Josef Kittler

Adversarial training is one of the best-performing methods in improving the robustness of deep language models. However, robust models come at the cost of high time consumption, as they require multi-step gradient ascents or word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Songyang Gao , Shihan Dou , Yan Liu , Xiao Wang , Qi Zhang , Zhongyu Wei , Jin Ma , Ying Shan

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where a small perturbation to an input alters the model prediction. In many cases, malicious inputs intentionally crafted for one model can fool another model. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Liping Yuan , Xiaoqing Zheng , Yi Zhou , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Kai-wei Chang

The misuse of large language models (LLMs), such as academic plagiarism, has driven the development of detectors to identify LLM-generated texts. To bypass these detectors, paraphrase attacks have emerged to purposely rewrite these texts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Hao Fang , Jiawei Kong , Tianqu Zhuang , Yixiang Qiu , Kuofeng Gao , Bin Chen , Shu-Tao Xia , Yaowei Wang , Min Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have achieved rapid adoption and demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of applications. To improve reasoning and task execution, modern LLM agents would incorporate memory modules or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xingyu Lyu , Jianfeng He , Ning Wang , Yidan Hu , Tao Li , Danjue Chen , Shixiong Li , Yimin Chen

Recent studies on AI security have highlighted the vulnerability of Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) models to subtle yet intentionally designed perturbations in images and texts. Investigating multimodal systems' robustness via…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Haonan Zheng , Wen Jiang , Xinyang Deng , Wenrui Li

Jailbreak vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) refer to methods that extract malicious content from the model by carefully crafting prompts or suffixes, which has garnered significant attention from the research community.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Lijia Lv , Weigang Zhang , Xuehai Tang , Jie Wen , Feng Liu , Jizhong Han , Songlin Hu

Deep Neural Networks can be easily fooled by small and imperceptible perturbations. The query-based black-box attack (QBBA) is able to create the perturbations using model output probabilities of image queries requiring no access to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Jindong Gu , Fangyun Wei , Philip Torr , Han Hu

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated their incredible capability in image understanding and response generation. However, this rich visual interaction also makes LVLMs vulnerable to adversarial examples. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Xunguang Wang , Zhenlan Ji , Pingchuan Ma , Zongjie Li , Shuai Wang

Automatic adversarial prompt generation provides remarkable success in jailbreaking safely-aligned large language models (LLMs). Existing gradient-based attacks, while demonstrating outstanding performance in jailbreaking white-box LLMs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Qizhang Li , Xiaochen Yang , Wangmeng Zuo , Yiwen Guo

Adversarial attacks for discrete data (such as texts) have been proved significantly more challenging than continuous data (such as images) since it is difficult to generate adversarial samples with gradient-based methods. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Linyang Li , Ruotian Ma , Qipeng Guo , Xiangyang Xue , Xipeng Qiu
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