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Zap Q-learning is a recent class of reinforcement learning algorithms, motivated primarily as a means to accelerate convergence. Stability theory has been absent outside of two restrictive classes: the tabular setting, and optimal stopping.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Shuhang Chen , Adithya M. Devraj , Fan Lu , Ana Bušić , Sean P. Meyn

We consider the problem of Approximate Dynamic Programming in relational domains. Inspired by the success of fitted Q-learning methods in propositional settings, we develop the first relational fitted Q-learning algorithms by representing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Srijita Das , Sriraam Natarajan , Kaushik Roy , Ronald Parr , Kristian Kersting

To verify safety and robustness of neural networks, researchers have successfully applied abstract interpretation, primarily using the interval abstract domain. In this paper, we study the theoretical power and limits of the interval domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Zi Wang , Aws Albarghouthi , Gautam Prakriya , Somesh Jha

In this paper, we introduce a quantum extension of classical DNN, QDNN. The QDNN consisting of quantum structured layers can uniformly approximate any continuous function and has more representation power than the classical DNN. It still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-20 Chen Zhao , Xiao-Shan Gao

We introduce a Banach space-valued extension of random feature learning, a data-driven supervised machine learning technique for large-scale kernel approximation. By randomly initializing the feature maps, only the linear readout needs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ariel Neufeld , Philipp Schmocker

Operator learning techniques have recently emerged as a powerful tool for learning maps between infinite-dimensional Banach spaces. Trained under appropriate constraints, they can also be effective in learning the solution operator of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Sifan Wang , Hanwen Wang , Paris Perdikaris

The current success of Reinforcement Learning algorithms for its performance in complex environments has inspired many recent theoretical approaches to cognitive science. Artistic environments are studied within the cognitive science…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Raul Fernandez-Fernandez , Juan G. Victores , Carlos Balaguer

Density functional theory is one of the most efficient and widely used computational methods of quantum mechanics, especially in fields such as solid state physics and quantum chemistry. From the theoretical perspecive, its central object…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Mihály A. Csirik , Andre Laestadius , Mathias Oster

We consider the problem of approximating flow functions of continuous-time dynamical systems with inputs. It is well-known that continuous-time recurrent neural networks are universal approximators of this type of system. In this paper, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Miguel Aguiar , Amritam Das , Karl H. Johansson

We introduce the Backwards Quantum Propagation of Phase errors (Baqprop) principle, a central theme upon which we construct multiple universal optimization heuristics for training both parametrized quantum circuits and classical deep neural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-27 Guillaume Verdon , Jason Pye , Michael Broughton

In this paper we consider Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with a smooth activation function as surrogates for high-dimensional functions that are somewhat smooth but costly to evaluate. We consider the standard (non-periodic) DNNs as well as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Alexander Keller , Frances Y. Kuo , Dirk Nuyens , Ian H. Sloan

We propose a partial differential-integral equation (PDE) framework for deep neural networks (DNNs) and their associated learning problem by taking the continuum limits of both network width and depth. The proposed model captures the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Peter Markowich , Simone Portaro

We explore the phase diagram of approximation rates for deep neural networks and prove several new theoretical results. In particular, we generalize the existing result on the existence of deep discontinuous phase in ReLU networks to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Dmitry Yarotsky , Anton Zhevnerchuk

Modelling functions of sets, or equivalently, permutation-invariant functions, is a long-standing challenge in machine learning. Deep Sets is a popular method which is known to be a universal approximator for continuous set functions. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Edward Wagstaff , Fabian B. Fuchs , Martin Engelcke , Michael A. Osborne , Ingmar Posner

Neural networks with wide layers have attracted significant attention due to their equivalence to Gaussian processes, enabling perfect fitting of training data while maintaining generalization performance, known as benign overfitting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Tianxiang Gao , Xiaokai Huo , Hailiang Liu , Hongyang Gao

Resistor networks have recently been studied as analog computing platforms for machine learning, particularly due to their compatibility with the Equilibrium Propagation training framework. In this work, we explore the computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Benjamin Scellier , Siddhartha Mishra

We study the action generalization ability of deep Q-learning in discrete action spaces. Generalization is crucial for efficient reinforcement learning (RL) because it allows agents to use knowledge learned from past experiences on new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Zhiyuan Zhou , Cameron Allen , Kavosh Asadi , George Konidaris

We demonstrate that a very deep ResNet with stacked modules with one neuron per hidden layer and ReLU activation functions can uniformly approximate any Lebesgue integrable function in $d$ dimensions, i.e. $\ell_1(\mathbb{R}^d)$. Because of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-05 Hongzhou Lin , Stefanie Jegelka

We present a complete theoretical and empirical framework establishing feedforward neural networks as universal finite-state machines (N-FSMs). Our results prove that finite-depth ReLU and threshold networks can exactly simulate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sahil Rajesh Dhayalkar

This paper presents an investigation of the approximation property of neural networks with unbounded activation functions, such as the rectified linear unit (ReLU), which is the new de-facto standard of deep learning. The ReLU network can…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Sho Sonoda , Noboru Murata