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Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving collaborative learning, yet data heterogeneity remains a critical challenge. While existing methods achieve progress in addressing data heterogeneity for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuhao Zhou , Jindi Lv , Yuxin Tian , Dan Si , Qing Ye , Jiancheng Lv

Federated learning (FL) is a promising and powerful approach for training deep learning models without sharing the raw data of clients. During the training process of FL, the central server and distributed clients need to exchange a vast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Zhefeng Qiao , Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as an essential framework for distributed machine learning, especially with its potential for privacy-preserving data processing. However, existing FL frameworks struggle to address statistical and model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Fucheng Guo , Zeyu Luan , Qing Li , Dan Zhao , Yong Jiang

In medical imaging, developing generalized segmentation models that can handle multiple organs and lesions is crucial. However, the scarcity of fully annotated datasets and strict privacy regulations present significant barriers to data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Pochuan Wang , Chen Shen , Masahiro Oda , Chiou-Shann Fuh , Kensaku Mori , Weichung Wang , Holger R. Roth

Federated Learning (FL) is a way for machines to learn from data that is kept locally, in order to protect the privacy of clients. This is typically done using local SGD, which helps to improve communication efficiency. However, such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yongxin Guo , Xiaoying Tang , Tao Lin

Federated Learning (FL) enables a group of clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing individual data, but its performance drops when client data are heterogeneous. Clustered FL tackles this by grouping similar clients.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Anik Pramanik , Murat Kantarcioglu , Vincent Oria , Shantanu Sharma

Traditional deep learning (DL) models have two ubiquitous limitations. First, they assume training samples are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d), an assumption often violated in real-world datasets where samples have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Son Nguyen , Adam Wang , Albert Montillo

Federated Learning (FL) offers a decentralized paradigm for collaborative model training without direct data sharing, yet it poses unique challenges for Domain Generalization (DG), including strict privacy constraints, non-i.i.d. local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Sunny Gupta , Vinay Sutar , Varunav Singh , Amit Sethi

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries alter model behavior on target classification labels by embedding triggers into data samples. While these attacks have received considerable attention in…

Mobile devices, including smartphones and laptops, generate decentralized and heterogeneous data, presenting significant challenges for traditional centralized machine learning models due to substantial communication costs and privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Mayank Kumar Kundalwal , Anurag Saraswat , Ishan Mishra , Deepak Mishra

Federated Semi-supervised Learning (FedSSL) has emerged as a new paradigm for allowing distributed clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model over scarce labeled data and abundant unlabeled data. However, existing works for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Jie Zhang , Xiaosong Ma , Song Guo , Wenchao Xu

Estimating causal treatment effects in observational settings is frequently compromised by selection bias arising from unobserved confounders. While traditional econometric methods struggle when these confounders are orthogonal to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Ahmed Dawoud , Osama El-Shamy

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) realizes cooperative model training among connected clients without relying on a central server, thereby mitigating communication bottlenecks and eliminating the single-point failure issue present in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Xinyang Liu , Pengchao Han , Xuan Li , Bo Liu

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging domain in the broader context of artificial intelligence research. Methodologies pertaining to FL assume distributed model training, consisting of a collection of clients and a server, with the main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Bhargav Ganguly , Vaneet Aggarwal

Federated Learning (FL) provides decentralised model training, which effectively tackles problems such as distributed data and privacy preservation. However, the generalisation of global models frequently faces challenges from data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Ozgu Goksu , Nicolas Pugeault

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates collaborative training of a global model whose performance is boosted by private data owned by distributed clients, without compromising data privacy. Yet the wide applicability of FL is hindered by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Xinyuan Zhao , Hanlin Gu , Lixin Fan , Yuxing Han , Qiang Yang

Federated learning (FL) enables collaboratively training deep learning models on decentralized data. However, there are three types of heterogeneities in FL setting bringing about distinctive challenges to the canonical federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Tao Shen , Jie Zhang , Xinkang Jia , Fengda Zhang , Gang Huang , Pan Zhou , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu , Chao Wu

We propose an improved convergence analysis technique that characterizes the distributed learning paradigm of federated learning (FL) with imperfect/noisy uplink and downlink communications. Such imperfect communication scenarios arise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Antesh Upadhyay , Abolfazl Hashemi

Federated Learning (FL) involves training a model over a dataset distributed among clients, with the constraint that each client's dataset is localized and possibly heterogeneous. In FL, small and noisy datasets are common, highlighting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Mohsin Hasan , Guojun Zhang , Kaiyang Guo , Xi Chen , Pascal Poupart

Federated learning (FL) is a promising technology for data privacy and distributed optimization, but it suffers from data imbalance and heterogeneity among clients. Existing FL methods try to solve the problems by aligning client with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zhonghua Jiang , Jimin Xu , Shengyu Zhang , Tao Shen , Jiwei Li , Kun Kuang , Haibin Cai , Fei Wu