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Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable human-like predictive capabilities. However, it is challenging to deploy LLMs to provide efficient and adaptive inference services at the edge. This paper proposes a novel Cloud-Edge…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hongpeng Jin , Yanzhao Wu

Safety alignment of large language models currently faces a central challenge: existing alignment techniques often prioritize mitigating responses to harmful prompts at the expense of overcautious behavior, leading models to incorrectly…

Steering vectors are a lightweight method for controlling language model behavior by adding a learned bias to the activations at inference time. Although effective on average, steering effect sizes vary across samples and are unreliable for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Joschka Braun

Training large language representation models has become a standard in the natural language processing community. This allows for fine tuning on any number of specific tasks, however, these large high capacity models can continue to train…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Kristjan Arumae , Parminder Bhatia

To ensure AI safety, instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) are specifically trained to ensure alignment, which refers to making models behave in accordance with human intentions. While these models have demonstrated commendable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Haoran Wang , Kai Shu

The "pre-training $\rightarrow$ downstream adaptation" presents both new opportunities and challenges for Continual Learning (CL). Although the recent state-of-the-art in CL is achieved through Parameter-Efficient-Tuning (PET) adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Qiankun Gao , Chen Zhao , Yifan Sun , Teng Xi , Gang Zhang , Bernard Ghanem , Jian Zhang

Nowadays, the research on Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) has been significantly promoted thanks to the success of Large Language Models (LLM). Nevertheless, these Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are suffering from the drawback of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Hongyu Hu , Jiyuan Zhang , Minyi Zhao , Zhenbang Sun

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are widely used for dimensionality reduction of large-scale tabular and image datasets, under the assumption of independence between data observations. In practice, however, datasets are often correlated, with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-25 Giora Simchoni , Saharon Rosset

Although deep learning models have driven state-of-the-art performance on a wide array of tasks, they are prone to spurious correlations that should not be learned as predictive clues. To mitigate this problem, we propose a causality-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Xinyi Wang , Wenhu Chen , Michael Saxon , William Yang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful general-purpose interfaces for many machine learning problems. Recent work has adapted LLMs to generative visual tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and visual chat,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Piotr Teterwak , Ximeng Sun , Bryan A. Plummer , Kate Saenko , Ser-Nam Lim

The growing use of generative models in daily life calls for efficient mechanisms to control their generation, to e.g., produce safe content or provide users with tools to explore style changes. Ideally, such mechanisms should require low…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Pau Rodriguez , Michal Klein , Eleonora Gualdoni , Valentino Maiorca , Arno Blaas , Luca Zappella , Marco Cuturi , Xavier Suau

Using AI to create autonomous researchers has the potential to accelerate scientific discovery. A prerequisite for this vision is understanding how well an AI model can identify the underlying structure of a black-box system from its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jiayi Geng , Howard Chen , Dilip Arumugam , Thomas L. Griffiths

The impressive capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have attracted extensive interests of applying LLMs to medical field. However, the complex nature of clinical environments presents significant hallucination challenges for LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Derong Xu , Ziheng Zhang , Zhihong Zhu , Zhenxi Lin , Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yefeng Zheng , Enhong Chen

Code LLMs often default to particular programming languages and libraries under neutral prompts. We investigate whether these preferences are encoded as approximately linear directions in activation space that can be manipulated at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Md Mahbubur Rahman , Arjun Guha , Harshitha Menon

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has improved the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), but it remains unclear why it works and whether it is the unique mechanism for triggering reasoning in large language models. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenghao He , Guangzhi Xiong , Bohan Liu , Sanchit Sinha , Aidong Zhang

The broad capabilities of Language Models (LMs) can be limited by their sensitivity to distractor tasks: LMs can infer secondary tasks from the prompt in addition to the intended one, leading to unwanted outputs. For example, prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Raymond Douglas , Andis Draguns , Tomáš Gavenčiak

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become widely used for Software Engineering (SE) tasks, spanning from function-level code generation to complex repository-level workflows. However, the high latency of autoregressive inference remains a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yijia Li , Junkai Chen , Xing Hu , Xin Xia

Large language models (LLMs) excel in natural language processing but adapting these LLMs to speech processing tasks efficiently is not straightforward. Direct task-specific fine-tuning is limited by overfitting risks, data requirements,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Maike Züfle , Jan Niehues

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across many tasks, yet aligning them with desired behaviors remains challenging. Activation intervention has emerged as an effective and economical method to modify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Weixuan Wang , Jingyuan Yang , Wei Peng

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used for tutoring, feedback generation, and content creation, but their broad pretraining makes them hard to constrain and poor substitutes for controllable learners. Educational systems often require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hyeongdon Moon , Carolyn Rosé , John Stamper