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Optimization problems with composite functions consist of an objective function which is the sum of a smooth and a (convex) nonsmooth term. This particular structure is exploited by the class of proximal gradient methods and some of their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Christian Kanzow , Theresa Lechner

In this paper, we study a class of non-convex optimization problems known as multi-affine quadratic equality constrained problems, which appear in various applications--from generating feasible force trajectories in robotic locomotion and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Yutong Chao , Michal Ciebielski , Jalal Etesami , Majid Khadiv

Asymptotic synchronization is one of the essential differences between artificial neural networks and biologically inspired neural networks due to mismatches from dynamical update of weight parameters and heterogeneous activations. In this…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Yuncheng You

We investigate finite-dimensional constrained structured optimization problems, featuring composite objective functions and set-membership constraints. Offering an expressive yet simple language, this problem class provides a modeling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-09 Alberto De Marchi , Xiaoxi Jia , Christian Kanzow , Patrick Mehlitz

We introduce a probability distribution, combined with an efficient sampling algorithm, for weights and biases of fully-connected neural networks. In a supervised learning context, no iterative optimization or gradient computations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Erik Lien Bolager , Iryna Burak , Chinmay Datar , Qing Sun , Felix Dietrich

We introduce a multiplicative neural network architecture in which multiplicative interactions constitute the fundamental representation, rather than appearing as auxiliary components within an additive model. We establish a universal…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Hee-Sun Choi , Beom-Seok Han

Training neural networks means solving a high-dimensional optimization problem. Normally the goal is to minimize a loss function that depends on what is called the network function, or in other words the function that gives the network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Umberto Michelucci

Activation functions play a key role in neural networks so it becomes fundamental to understand their advantages and disadvantages in order to achieve better performances. This paper will first introduce common types of non linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Dabal Pedamonti

We here study whether training biases can make hidden neurons specialize in minimal one-hidden-layer MLPs, and whether such specialization improves prototype-based reconstruction of the training dataset from the learned weights. We consider…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Enrique Alba , Ezequiel Lopez-Rubio

Research in computational deep learning has directed considerable efforts towards hardware-oriented optimisations for deep neural networks, via the simplification of the activation functions, or the quantization of both activations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Gian Paolo Leonardi , Matteo Spallanzani

In this paper, we consider nonconvex optimization problems with nonsmooth nonconvex objective function and nonlinear equality constraints. We assume that both the objective function and the functional constraints can be separated into 2…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Lahcen El Bourkhissi , Ion Necoara

This paper investigates how the compositional structure of neural networks shapes their optimization landscape and training dynamics. We analyze the gradient flow associated with overparameterized optimization problems, which can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Arthur Castello Branco de Oliveira , Dhruv Jatkar , Eduardo Sontag

This paper surveys studies on the use of neural networks for optimization in the training-data-free setting. Specifically, we examine the dataless application of neural network architectures in optimization by re-parameterizing problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Alvaro Velasquez , Susmit Jha , Ismail R. Alkhouri

In this paper, we have extended the well-established universal approximator theory to neural networks that use the unbounded ReLU activation function and a nonlinear softmax output layer. We have proved that a sufficiently large neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Behnam Asadi , Hui Jiang

Compared to classical deep neural networks its binarized versions can be useful for applications on resource-limited devices due to their reduction in memory consumption and computational demands. In this work we study deep neural networks…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Jannis Kurtz , Bubacarr Bah

Continuous neural representations have recently emerged as a powerful and flexible alternative to classical discretized representations of signals. However, training them to capture fine details in multi-scale signals is difficult and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Sifan Wang , Hanwen Wang , Jacob H. Seidman , Paris Perdikaris

Algorithms for min-max optimization and variational inequalities are often studied under monotonicity assumptions. Motivated by non-monotone machine learning applications, we follow the line of works [Diakonikolas et al., 2021, Lee and Kim,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Eduard Gorbunov , Adrien Taylor , Samuel Horváth , Gauthier Gidel

This paper discusses an outer-approximation guided optimization method for constrained neural network inverse problems with rectified linear units. The constrained neural network inverse problems refer to an optimization problem to find the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Myun-Seok Cheon

This paper establishes rates of universal approximation for the shallow neural tangent kernel (NTK): network weights are only allowed microscopic changes from random initialization, which entails that activations are mostly unchanged, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Ziwei Ji , Matus Telgarsky , Ruicheng Xian

In this paper, we focus on a class of constrained nonlinear optimization problems (NLP), where some of its equality constraints define a closed embedded submanifold $\mathcal{M}$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Although NLP can be solved directly by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Nachuan Xiao , Xin Liu , Kim-Chuan Toh