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Understanding the stability and long-time behavior of generative models is a fundamental problem in modern machine learning. This paper provides quantitative bounds on the sampling error of score-based generative models by leveraging…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-30 Stanislas Strasman , Gabriel Cardoso , Sylvain Le Corff , Vincent Lemaire , Antonio Ocello

Given nonstationary data from molecular dynamics simulations, a Markovian Langevin model is constructed that aims to reproduce the time evolution of the underlying process. While at equilibrium the free energy landscape is sampled,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-07-20 Benjamin Lickert , Steffen Wolf , Gerhard Stock

We present a unified framework for the data-driven construction of stochastic reduced models with state-dependent memory for high-dimensional Hamiltonian systems. The method addresses two key challenges: (\rmnum{1}) accurately modeling…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Zhiyuan She , Liyao Lyu , Bryan Ronain Smith , Huan Lei

We provide a new convergence analysis of stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) for sampling from a class of distributions that can be non-log-concave. At the core of our approach is a novel conductance analysis of SGLD using an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Difan Zou , Pan Xu , Quanquan Gu

Many living and complex systems exhibit second order emergent dynamics. Limited experimental access to the configurational degrees of freedom results in data that appears to be generated by a non-Markovian process. This poses a challenge in…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-29 Federica Ferretti , Victor Chardès , Thierry Mora , Aleksandra M. Walczak , Irene Giardina

Many physical systems characterized by nonlinear multiscale interactions can be effectively modeled by treating unresolved degrees of freedom as random fluctuations. However, even when the microscopic governing equations and qualitative…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-07 Jared L. Callaham , Jean-Christophe Loiseau , Georgios Rigas , Steven L. Brunton

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have demonstrated remarkable synthesis quality. SGMs rely on a diffusion process that gradually perturbs the data towards a tractable distribution, while the generative model learns to denoise. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-28 Tim Dockhorn , Arash Vahdat , Karsten Kreis

We introduce a novel framework for efficient sampling from complex, unnormalised target distributions by exploiting multiscale dynamics. Traditional score-based sampling methods either rely on learned approximations of the score function or…

Computation · Statistics 2025-11-04 Paula Cordero-Encinar , Andrew B. Duncan , Sebastian Reich , O. Deniz Akyildiz

In this paper, we characterize the synchronization phenomenon of hyperchaotic scalar non-linear delay dynamics in a fully-developed chaos regime. Our results rely on the observation that, in that regime, the stationary statistical…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2008-10-08 Adrian A. Budini

Data-driven modeling of non-Markovian dynamics is a recent topic of research with applications in many fields such as climate research, molecular dynamics, biophysics, or wind power modeling. In the frequently used standard Langevin…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-07-22 Clemens Willers , Oliver Kamps

We introduce a new method to accurately and efficiently estimate the effective dynamics of collective variables in molecular simulations. Such reduced dynamics play an essential role in the study of a broad class of processes, ranging from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-28 Hadrien Vroylandt , Ludovic Goudenège , Pierre Monmarché , Fabio Pietrucci , Benjamin Rotenberg

A wide body of work has applied the concept of critical slowing down to estimate the stability of different Earth system components. Most of them -- such as global vegetation -- are inherently non-stationary, for example due to strong…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-28 Taylor Smith , Andreas Morr , Christof Schötz , Niklas Boers

Cross-sectional studies are widely prevalent since they are more feasible to conduct compared to longitudinal studies. However, cross-sectional data lack the temporal information required to study the evolution of the underlying processes.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Pritha Dutta , Rick Quax , Loes Crielaard , Peter M. A. Sloot

We address tracking and prediction of multiple moving objects in visual data streams as inference and sampling in a disentangled latent state-space model. By encoding objects separately and including explicit position information in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-15 Adnan Akhundov , Maximilian Soelch , Justin Bayer , Patrick van der Smagt

The measured time series from complex systems are renowned for their intricate stochastic behavior, characterized by random fluctuations stemming from external influences and nonlinear interactions. These fluctuations take diverse forms,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-03-19 Pyei Phyo Lin , Matthias Wächter , Joachim Peinke , M. Reza Rahimi Tabar

Designing algorithms for solving high-dimensional Bayesian inverse problems directly in infinite-dimensional function spaces - where such problems are naturally formulated - is crucial to ensure stability and convergence as the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-02 Lorenzo Baldassari , Josselin Garnier , Knut Solna , Maarten V. de Hoop

Sampling from discrete distributions is a ubiquitous task in machine learning, recently revisited by the emergence of discrete diffusion models. While Langevin algorithms constitute the state of the art for continuous spaces, discrete…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-18 Armand Gissler , Saeed Saremi , Francis Bach

Sampling from a high-dimensional distribution is a fundamental task in statistics, engineering, and the sciences. A canonical approach is the Langevin Algorithm, i.e., the Markov chain for the discretized Langevin Diffusion. This is the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-01 Jason M. Altschuler , Kunal Talwar

In this paper we propose a new approach for sampling from probability measures in, possibly, high dimensional spaces. By perturbing the standard overdamped Langevin dynamics by a suitable Stratonovich perturbation that preserves the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-23 Assyr Abdulle , Grigorios A. Pavliotis , Gilles Vilmart

We study the convergence to equilibrium of an underdamped Langevin equation that is controlled by a linear feedback force. Specifically, we are interested in sampling the possibly multimodal invariant probability distribution of a Langevin…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Tobias Breiten , Carsten Hartmann , Lara Neureither , Upanshu Sharma