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Deep mixture-of-experts models have attracted a lot of attention for survival analysis problems, particularly for their ability to cluster similar patients together. In practice, grouping often comes at the expense of key metrics such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Todd Morrill , Aahlad Puli , Murad Megjhani , Soojin Park , Richard Zemel

Solving multi-objective optimization problems for large deep neural networks is a challenging task due to the complexity of the loss landscape and the expensive computational cost of training and evaluating models. Efficient Pareto front…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Anke Tang , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Shiwei Liu , Han Hu , Bo Du

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) layer, a sparsely-activated model controlled by a router, has achieved great success in deep learning. However, the understanding of such architecture remains elusive. In this paper, we formally study how the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Zixiang Chen , Yihe Deng , Yue Wu , Quanquan Gu , Yuanzhi Li

Large Mixture of Experts (MoE) models could achieve state-of-the-art quality on various language tasks, including machine translation task, thanks to the efficient model scaling capability with expert parallelism. However, it has brought a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Young Jin Kim , Raffy Fahim , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Mixture of Experts layers (MoEs) enable efficient scaling of language models through conditional computation. This paper presents a detailed empirical study of how autoregressive MoE language models scale in comparison with dense models in…

As the training of giant dense models hits the boundary on the availability and capability of the hardware resources today, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models become one of the most promising model architectures due to their significant…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a promising way to scale up the learning capacity of large language models. It increases the number of parameters while keeping FLOPs nearly constant during inference through sparse activation. Yet, it still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Pingzhi Li , Xiaolong Jin , Zhen Tan , Yu Cheng , Tianlong Chen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models mostly use a router to assign tokens to specific expert modules, activating only partial parameters and often outperforming dense models. We argue that the separation between the router's decision-making and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Ang Lv , Ruobing Xie , Yining Qian , Songhao Wu , Xingwu Sun , Zhanhui Kang , Di Wang , Rui Yan

This paper introduces the "Uncertainty-aware Mixture of Experts" (uMoE), a novel solution aimed at addressing aleatoric uncertainty within Neural Network (NN) based predictive models. While existing methodologies primarily concentrate on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-26 Lucas Luttner

Prompt tuning, which adapts vision-language models by freezing model parameters and optimizing only the prompt, has proven effective for task-specific adaptations. The core challenge in prompt tuning is improving specialization for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Dasol Hong , Wooju Lee , Hyun Myung

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models embody the divide-and-conquer concept and are a promising approach for increasing model capacity, demonstrating excellent scalability across multiple domains. In this paper, we integrate the MoE structure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Xumeng Han , Longhui Wei , Zhiyang Dou , Zipeng Wang , Chenhui Qiang , Xin He , Yingfei Sun , Zhenjun Han , Qi Tian

Mixtures of experts models provide a framework in which covariates may be included in mixture models. This is achieved by modelling the parameters of the mixture model as functions of the concomitant covariates. Given their mixture model…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-22 Isobel Claire Gormley , Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter

Mixture of experts (MoE) models are a class of artificial neural networks that can be used for functional approximation and probabilistic modeling. An important class of MoE models is the class of mixture of linear experts (MoLE) models,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-29 Hien D. Nguyen , Faicel Chamroukhi , Florence Forbes

Sparsely Mixture of Experts (MoE) has received great interest due to its promising scaling capability with affordable computational overhead. MoE converts dense layers into sparse experts, and utilizes a gated routing network to make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Yuan Xie , Shaohan Huang , Tianyu Chen , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered unprecedented advancements across diverse fields, ranging from natural language processing to computer vision and beyond. The prowess of LLMs is underpinned by their substantial model size,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Weilin Cai , Juyong Jiang , Fan Wang , Jing Tang , Sunghun Kim , Jiayi Huang

This work proposes a new data-driven model devised to integrate process knowledge into its structure to increase the human-machine synergy in the process industry. The proposed Contextual Mixture of Experts (cMoE) explicitly uses process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Francisco Souza , Tim Offermans , Ruud Barendse , Geert Postma , Jeroen Jansen

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has emerged as a critical paradigm for collaborative model training in privacy-sensitive domains such as finance and healthcare. However, most existing VFL frameworks rely on the idealized assumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jon Irureta , Gorka Azkune , Jon Imaz , Aizea Lojo , Javier Fernandez-Marques

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a practical architecture for scaling LLM capacity while keeping per-token compute modest, but deploying MoE models on a single, memory-limited GPU remains difficult because expert weights dominate the HBM…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Kexin Chu , Dawei Xiang , Zixu Shen , Yiwei Yang , Zecheng Liu , Wei Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models typically fix the number of activated experts $k$ at both training and inference. However, real-world deployments often face heterogeneous hardware, fluctuating workloads, and diverse quality-latency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Naibin Gu , Zhenyu Zhang , Yuchen Feng , Yilong Chen , Peng Fu , Zheng Lin , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Weiping Wang , Haifeng Wang

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has driven the adoption of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures as a promising solution to scale model capacity while controlling computational costs. However, deploying MoE models in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Muqing Li , Ning Li , Xin Yuan , Wenchao Xu , Quan Chen , Song Guo , Haijun Zhang