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Gravitational-wave (GW) parameter estimation typically assumes that instrumental noise is Gaussian and stationary. Obvious departures from this idealization are typically handled on a case-by-case basis, e.g., through bespoke procedures to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Ronan Legin , Maximiliano Isi , Kaze W. K. Wong , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

Glitches represent a category of non-Gaussian and transient noise that frequently intersects with gravitational wave (GW) signals, exerting a notable impact on the processing of GW data. The inference of GW parameters, crucial for GW…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-15 Tian-Yang Sun , Chun-Yu Xiong , Shang-Jie Jin , Yu-Xin Wang , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Transient signals of instrumental and environmental origins ("glitches") in gravitational wave data elevate the false alarm rate of searches for astrophysical signals and reduce their sensitivity. Glitches that directly overlap…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-24 Soumya D. Mohanty , Mohammad A. T. Chowdhury

Interferometric gravitational-wave observatories have opened a new era in astronomy. The rich data produced by an international network enables detailed analysis of the curved space-time around black holes. With nearly one hundred signals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-07 Gregory Ashton

Folding uncertainty in theoretical models into Bayesian parameter estimation is necessary in order to make reliable inferences. A general means of achieving this is by marginalizing over model uncertainty using a prior distribution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-04 Christopher J. Moore , Christopher P. L. Berry , Alvin J. K. Chua , Jonathan R. Gair

Identifying the presence of a gravitational wave transient buried in non-stationary, non-Gaussian noise which can often contain spurious noise transients (glitches) is a very challenging task. For a given data set, transient gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-18 V. Gayathri , Dixeena Lopez , R. S. Pranjal , Ik Siong Heng , Archana Pai , Chris Messenger

Inferring the properties of colliding black holes from gravitational-wave observations is subject to systematic errors arising from modelling uncertainties. Although the accuracy of each model can be calculated through comparison to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-07 Charlie Hoy , Sarp Akcay , Jake Mac Uilliam , Jonathan E. Thompson

By listening to gravity in the low frequency band, between 0.1 mHz and 1 Hz, the future space-based gravitational-wave observatory LISA will be able to detect tens of thousands of astrophysical sources from cosmic dawn to the present. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-24 Quentin Baghi , Ira Thorpe , Jacob Slutsky , John Baker , Tito Dal Canton , Natalia Korsakova , Nikos Karnesis

The analysis of gravitational wave data involves many model selection problems. The most important example is the detection problem of selecting between the data being consistent with instrument noise alone, or instrument noise and a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Neil J. Cornish , Tyson B. Littenberg

Glitches are transitory noise artifacts that degrade the detection sensitivity and accuracy of interferometric observatories such as LIGO and Virgo in gravitational wave astronomy. Reliable glitch subtraction techniques are essential for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-04 Mohammad Abu Thaher Chowdhury

Gravitational wave data from ground-based detectors is dominated by instrument noise. Signals will be comparatively weak, and our understanding of the noise will influence detection confidence and signal characterization. Mis-modeled noise…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-22 Tyson B. Littenberg , Neil J. Cornish

Bayesian inference of gravitational wave signals is subject to systematic error due to modelling uncertainty in waveform signal models, coined approximants. A growing collection of approximants are available which use different approaches…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-25 Gregory Ashton , Sebastian Khan

When using incorrect or inaccurate signal models to perform parameter estimation on a gravitational wave signal, biased parameter estimates will in general be obtained. For a single event this bias may be consistent with the posterior, but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-01 Jonathan R. Gair , Christopher J. Moore

The present operation of the ground-based network of gravitational-wave laser interferometers in "enhanced" configuration brings the search for gravitational waves into a regime where detection is highly plausible. The development of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio

Inspiraling binaries of compact objects are primary targets for current and future gravitational-wave observatories. Waveforms computed in General Relativity are used to search for these sources, and will probably be used to extract source…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Michele Vallisneri , Nicolas Yunes

The proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is tasked with the detection and characterization of gravitational waves from various sources in the universe. This endeavor is challenged by transient displacement and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-21 Niklas Houba , Luigi Ferraioli , Domenico Giardini

Transient noise artifacts, commonly referred to as glitches, pose a major challenge to parameter inference for space-based gravitational-wave (GW) observations. We develop a glitch-robust amortized inference framework for massive black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-16 Tian-Yang Sun , Bo Liang , Ji-Yu Song , Song-Tao Liu , Shang-Jie Jin , He Wang , Ming-Hui Du , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

We report the results of an in-depth analysis of the parameter estimation capabilities of BayesWave, an algorithm for the reconstruction of gravitational-wave signals without reference to a specific signal model. Using binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-13 Francesco Pannarale , Ronaldas Macas , Patrick J. Sutton

Gravitational-wave detectors are affected by short-duration non-Gaussian noise transients, commonly referred to as glitches, which can obscure astrophysical signals and complicate downstream analyses. While recent work has demonstrated the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-13 Rudhresh Manoharan , Gerald Cleaver

Modelling noise in gravitational-wave observatories is crucial for accurately inferring the properties of gravitational-wave sources. We introduce a transdimensional Bayesian approach to characterise the noise in ground-based…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-10 Nir Guttman , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane