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Gaussian processes (GPs) are a class of Kernel methods that have shown to be very useful in geoscience and remote sensing applications for parameter retrieval, model inversion, and emulation. They are widely used because they are simple,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-21 J. Emmanuel Johnson , Valero Laparra , Gustau Camps-Valls

The orbiting LISA instrument is designed to detect gravitational waves in the millihertz band, produced by sources including galactic binaries and extreme mass ratio inspirals, among others. The detector consists of three spacecraft, each…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-15 Orion Sauter , Peter Wass , Wiler Sanchez , Henri Inchauspé

In the field of gravitational-wave (GW) interferometers, the most severe limitation to the detection of transient signals from astrophysical sources comes from transient noise artefacts, known as glitches, that happens at a rate around $1$…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-11 Melissa Lopez , Vincent Boudart , Stefano Schmidt , Sarah Caudill

These lecture notes provide a brief introduction to methods used to search for a stochastic background of gravitational radiation -- a superposition of gravitational-wave signals that are either too weak or too numerous to individually…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-07 Joseph D. Romano

Approximations are commonly employed in realistic applications of scientific Bayesian inference, often due to convenience if not necessity. In the field of gravitational-wave (GW) data analysis, fast-to-evaluate but approximate waveform…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-03 Ruiting Mao , Jeong Eun Lee , Ollie Burke , Alvin J. K. Chua , Matthew C. Edwards , Renate Meyer

Future GW observatories, such as the Einstein Telescope (ET), are expected to detect gravitational wave signals, some of which are likely to overlap with each other. This overlap may lead to misidentification as a single GW event,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-19 Cunliang Ma , Weiguang Zhou , Zhoujian Cao

Since the very first detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of two black holes in 2015, Bayesian statistical methods have been routinely applied by LIGO and Virgo to extract the signal out of noisy interferometric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-23 Renate Meyer , Matthew C. Edwards , Patricio Maturana-Russel , Nelson Christensen

Gravitational-wave data analysis is rapidly absorbing techniques from deep learning, with a focus on convolutional networks and related methods that treat noisy time series as images. We pursue an alternative approach, in which waveforms…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-31 Alvin J. K. Chua , Chad R. Galley , Michele Vallisneri

Ground-based gravitational wave laser interferometers (LIGO, GEO-600, Virgo and Tama-300) have now reached high sensitivity and duty cycle. We present a Bayesian evidence-based approach to the search for gravitational waves, in particular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio

The detection of electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational waves has great promise for the investigation of many scientific questions. It has long been hoped that in addition to providing extra, non-gravitational information about the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-01-18 Chris Pankow , Laura Sampson , Leah Perri , Eve Chase , Scott Coughlin , Michael Zevin , Vassiliki Kalogera

Gravitational wave astronomy is established with direct observation of gravitational wave from merging binary black holes and binary neutron stars during the first and second observing run of LIGO and Virgo detectors. The gravitational-wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-24 V. Gayathri , P. Bacon , A. Pai , E. Chassande-Mottin , F. Salemi , G. Vedovato

We present a probabilistic framework to quantify the impact of artefacts (glitches and gaps) in LISA data on transient gravitational wave signals. By modeling both artefacts and transient signals as independent Poisson processes, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-21 Jonathan R. Gair , Senwen Deng , Stanislav Babak

Inferring parameters and testing hypotheses from gravitational wave signals is a computationally intensive task central to modern astrophysics. Nested sampling, a Bayesian inference technique, has become an established standard for this in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-30 David Yallup , Metha Prathaban , James Alvey , Will Handley

The first successful detection of gravitational waves by ground-based observatories, such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), marked a breakthrough in our comprehension of the Universe. However, due to the…

Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) provides a unique opportunity to study cosmology and astrophysics at multiple scales. Detecting microlensing signatures, in particular, requires efficient parameter estimation methods due…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-02 Roberto Bada-Nerin , Oleg Bulashenko , Osvaldo Gramaxo Freitas , José A. Font

One of the greatest data analysis challenges for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is the need to account for a large number of gravitational wave signals from compact binary systems expected to be present in the data. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Richard Umstätter , Nelson Christensen , Martin Hendry , Renate Meyer , Vimal Simha , John Veitch , Sarah Vigeland , Graham Woan

Machine learning has emerged as a popular and powerful approach for solving problems in astrophysics. We review applications of machine learning techniques for the analysis of ground-based gravitational-wave detector data. Examples include…

The recent advances in Gravitational-wave astronomy have greatly accelerated the study of Multimessenger astrophysics. There is a need for the development of fast and efficient algorithms to detect non-astrophysical transients and noises…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-28 Rahul Nigam , Amit Mishra , Pranath Reddy

We present a new Python package, gwbench, implementing the well-established Fisher information formalism as a fast and straightforward tool for the purpose of gravitational-wave benchmarking, i.e. the estimation of signal-to-noise ratios…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-31 Ssohrab Borhanian

With the growing number of gravitational-wave detections, particularly from binary black hole mergers, there is increasing anticipation that an astrophysical background, formed by an ensemble of faint, high-redshift events, will be observed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-16 Xiaolin Liu , Sachiko Kuroyanagi
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