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In this paper we introduce a new method for detecting outliers in a set of proportions. It is based on the construction of a suitable two-way contingency table and on the application of an algorithm for the detection of outlying cells in…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-04 Flavio Mignone , Fabio Rapallo

Outlier detection refers to the identification of anomalous samples that deviate significantly from the distribution of normal data and has been extensively studied and used in a variety of practical tasks. However, most unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Can Gao , Xiaofeng Tan , Jie Zhou , Weiping Ding , Witold Pedrycz

The presence of outliers can prevent clustering algorithms from accurately determining an appropriate group structure within a data set. We present outlierMBC, a model-based approach for sequentially removing outliers and clustering the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-30 Ultán P. Doherty , Paul D. McNicholas , Arthur White

The problem of joint sequential detection and isolation is considered in the context of multiple, not necessarily independent, data streams. A multiple testing framework is proposed, where each hypothesis corresponds to a different subset…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-04 Anamitra Chaudhuri , Georgios Fellouris

Outlier detection is a well-researched and crucial problem in machine learning. However, there is little research on string data outlier detection, as most literature focuses on outlier detection of numerical data. A robust string data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Philip Maus

It is commonly required to detect change points in sequences of random variables. In the most difficult setting of this problem, change detection must be performed sequentially with new observations being constantly received over time.…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-05-08 Gordon J Ross

The Projection Congruent Subset (PCS) Outlyingness is a new index of multivariate outlyingness obtained by considering univariate projections of the data. Like many other outlier detection procedures, PCS searches for a subset which…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-08-01 Kaveh Vakili , Eric Schmitt

In many machine learning tasks, a common approach for dealing with large-scale data is to build a small summary, {\em e.g.,} coreset, that can efficiently represent the original input. However, real-world datasets usually contain outliers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Zixiu Wang , Yiwen Guo , Hu Ding

Recent work has shown that deep generative models can assign higher likelihood to out-of-distribution data sets than to their training data (Nalisnick et al., 2019; Choi et al., 2019). We posit that this phenomenon is caused by a mismatch…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-17 Eric Nalisnick , Akihiro Matsukawa , Yee Whye Teh , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

Most real-world IoT data analysis tasks, such as clustering and anomaly event detection, are unsupervised and highly susceptible to the presence of outliers. In addition to sporadic scattered outliers caused by factors such as faulty sensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yiqun Zhang , Zexi Tan , Xiaopeng Luo , Yunlin Liu

This paper describes a methodology for detecting anomalies from sequentially observed and potentially noisy data. The proposed approach consists of two main elements: (1) {\em filtering}, or assigning a belief or likelihood to each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Maxim Raginsky , Rebecca Willett , Corinne Horn , Jorge Silva , Roummel Marcia

An outlier is an observation or a data point that is far from rest of the data points in a given dataset or we can be said that an outlier is away from the center of mass of observations. Presence of outliers can skew statistical measures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Amulya Agarwal , Nitin Gupta

We study the classic $k$-means/median clustering, which are fundamental problems in unsupervised learning, in the setting where data are partitioned across multiple sites, and where we are allowed to discard a small portion of the data by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-12 Jiecao Chen , Erfan Sadeqi Azer , Qin Zhang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is an important task in machine learning systems for ensuring their reliability and safety. Deep probabilistic generative models facilitate OOD detection by estimating the likelihood of a data sample.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Jaemoo Choi , Changyeon Yoon , Jeongwoo Bae , Myungjoo Kang

We introduce and develop a novel approach to outlier detection based on adaptation of random subspace learning. Our proposed method handles both high-dimension low-sample size and traditional low-dimensional high-sample size datasets.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-05 Bohan Liu , Ernest Fokoue

Given $n$ length-$\ell$ strings $S =\{s_1, ..., s_n\}$ over a constant size alphabet $\Sigma$ together with parameters $d$ and $k$, the objective in the {\em Consensus String with Outliers} problem is to find a subset $S^*$ of $S$ of size…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Christina Boucher , Christine Lo , Daniel Lokshtanov

Outlier detection is one of the most important processes taken to create good, reliable data in machine learning. The most methods of outlier detection leverage an auxiliary reconstruction task by assuming that outliers are more difficult…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Ning Huyan , Dou Quan , Xiangrong Zhang , Xuefeng Liang , Jocelyn Chanussot , Licheng Jiao

Outlier detection has gained increasing interest in recent years, due to newly emerging technologies and the huge amount of high-dimensional data that are now available. Outlier detection can help practitioners to identify unwanted noise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-20 Mads Lindskou , Torben Tvedebrink , Poul Svante Eriksen , Niels Morling

In the real world, a learning system could receive an input that is unlike anything it has seen during training. Unfortunately, out-of-distribution samples can lead to unpredictable behaviour. We need to know whether any given input belongs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Alireza Shafaei , Mark Schmidt , James J. Little

Outlier detection is a core task in data mining with a plethora of algorithms that have enjoyed wide scale usage. Existing algorithms are primarily focused on detection, that is the identification of outliers in a given dataset. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Yue Wu , Leman Akoglu , Ian Davidson