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Reinforcement learning (RL) is effective in many robotic applications, but it requires extensive exploration of the state-action space, during which behaviors can be unsafe. This significantly limits its applicability to large robots with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Mehdi Heydari Shahna , Pauli Mustalahti , Jouni Mattila

Model Predictive Control (MPC) provides interpretable, tunable locomotion controllers grounded in physical models, but its robustness depends on frequent replanning and is limited by model mismatch and real-time computational constraints.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Se Hwan Jeon , Ho Jae Lee , Seungwoo Hong , Sangbae Kim

Legged robots need to be capable of walking on diverse terrain conditions. In this paper, we present a novel reinforcement learning framework for learning locomotion on non-rigid dynamic terrains. Specifically, our framework can generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Taehei Kim , Sung-Hee Lee

Bipedal humanoid robots must precisely coordinate balance, timing, and contact decisions when locomoting on constrained footholds such as stepping stones, beams, and planks -- even minor errors can lead to catastrophic failure. Classical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Min Dai , William D. Compton , Junheng Li , Lizhi Yang , Aaron D. Ames

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) controllers for quadrupedal locomotion have demonstrated impressive performance on challenging terrains, allowing robots to execute complex skills such as climbing, running, and jumping. However, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yinzhao Dong , Ji Ma , Liu Zhao , Wanyue Li , Peng Lu

Quadrupedal robots can learn versatile locomotion skills but remain vulnerable when one or more joints lose power. In contrast, dogs and cats can adopt limping gaits when injured, demonstrating their remarkable ability to adapt to physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Tianyu Xu , Yaoyu Cheng , Pinxi Shen , Lin Zhao

Despite the potential benefits of collaborative robots, effective manipulation tasks with quadruped robots remain difficult to realize. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical control system that can handle real-world collaborative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Mohsen Sombolestan , Quan Nguyen

Recent advances in quadrupedal robots have demonstrated impressive agility and the ability to traverse diverse terrains. However, hardware issues, such as motor overheating or joint locking, may occur during long-distance walking or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Seunghyun Lee , I Made Aswin Nahrendra , Dongkyu Lee , Byeongho Yu , Minho Oh , Hyun Myung

This paper presents a hybrid approach that integrates trajectory optimization (TO) and reinforcement learning (RL) for motion planning and control of free-flying multi-arm robots in on-orbit servicing scenarios. The proposed system…

Modern quadrupeds are skillful in traversing or even sprinting on uneven terrains in a remote uncontrolled environment. However, survival in the wild requires not only maneuverability, but also the ability to handle potential critical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Dikai Liu , Tianwei Zhang , Jianxiong Yin , Simon See

This study presents an Actor-Critic reinforcement learning Compensated Model Predictive Controller (AC2MPC) designed for high-speed, off-road autonomous driving on deformable terrains. Addressing the difficulty of modeling unknown…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Prakhar Gupta , Jonathon M. Smereka , Yunyi Jia

High-speed legged locomotion struggles with stability and transfer losses at higher command velocities during deployment. One reason is that most curricula vary difficulty along single axis, for example increase the range of command…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Prakhar Mishra , Amir Hossain Raj , Xuesu Xiao , Dinesh Manocha

Quadrupedal robots have played a crucial role in various environments, from structured environments to complex harsh terrains, thanks to their agile locomotion ability. However, these robots can easily lose their locomotion functionality if…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Mincheol Kim , Ukcheol Shin , Jung-Yup Kim

Enabling bipedal walking robots to learn how to maneuver over highly uneven, dynamically changing terrains is challenging due to the complexity of robot dynamics and interacted environments. Recent advancements in learning from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Feiyang Wu , Zhaoyuan Gu , Hanran Wu , Anqi Wu , Ye Zhao

Simultaneous locomotion and manipulation enables robots to interact with their environment beyond the constraints of a fixed base. However, coordinating legged locomotion with arm manipulation, while considering safety and compliance during…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Alexander Schperberg , Yeping Wang , Stefano Di Cairano

Knowledge from animals and humans inspires robotic innovations. Numerous efforts have been made to achieve agile locomotion in quadrupedal robots through classical controllers or reinforcement learning approaches. These methods usually rely…

Model-based approaches for planning and control for bipedal locomotion have a long history of success. It can provide stability and safety guarantees while being effective in accomplishing many locomotion tasks. Model-free reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yu-Ming Chen , Hien Bui , Michael Posa

Electrically-actuated quadrupedal robots possess high mobility on complex terrains, but their motors tend to accumulate heat under high-torque cyclic loads, potentially triggering overheat protection and limiting long-duration tasks. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Letian Qian , Yuhang Wan , Shuhan Wang , Xin Luo

The enhanced mobility brought by legged locomotion empowers quadrupedal robots to navigate through complex and unstructured environments. However, optimizing agile locomotion while accounting for the varying energy costs of traversing…

Humanoid robots deployed in industrial environments are required to perform load-carrying transportation tasks that tightly couple locomotion and manipulation. However, achieving stable and robust locomotion under varying payloads and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lequn Fu , Yijun Zhong , Xiao Li , Yibin Liu , Zhiyuan Xu , Jian Tang , Shiqi Li