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Probabilistic computing is a novel computing scheme that offers a more efficient approach than conventional CMOS-based logic in a variety of applications ranging from optimization to Bayesian inference, and invertible Boolean logic. The…

The slowing down of Moore's Law has led to a crisis as the computing workloads of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms continue skyrocketing. There is an urgent need for scalable and energy-efficient hardware catering to the unique…

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) are promising sources of randomness for compact and energy efficient implementations of probabilistic computing techniques. Augmenting an SMTJ with electronic circuits, to convert the random…

Probabilistic bits (p-bits) have recently been employed in neural networks (NNs) as stochastic neurons with sigmoidal probabilistic activation functions. Nonetheless, there remain a wealth of other probabilistic activation functions that…

The nearing end of Moore's Law has been driving the development of domain-specific hardware tailored to solve a special set of problems. Along these lines, probabilistic computing with inherently stochastic building blocks (p-bits) have…

Ising machines, hardware accelerators for combinatorial optimization and probabilistic sampling problems, have gained significant interest recently. A key element is stochasticity, which enables a wide exploration of configurations, thereby…

Probabilistic computing using probabilistic bits (p-bits) presents an efficient alternative to traditional CMOS logic for complex problem-solving, including simulated annealing and machine learning. Realizing p-bits with emerging devices…

In this paper we present a concrete design for a probabilistic (p-) computer based on a network of p-bits, robust classical entities fluctuating between -1 and +1, with probabilities that are controlled through an input constructed from the…

Probabilistic computers offer promising solutions for computationally hard problems in domains such as combinatorial optimization and machine learning. A key building block in these systems is the probabilistic bit (p-bit), which relies on…

Ongoing semiconductor scaling challenges and the rise of neuromorphic computing have sparked interest in exploring novel computing schemes to achieve higher power efficiency and computational capabilities. Probabilistic computing is one…

Probabilistic spin logic (PSL) is a recently proposed computing paradigm based on unstable stochastic units called probabilistic bits (p-bits) that can be correlated to form probabilistic circuits (p-circuits). These p-circuits can be used…

Parallel p-bit Ising machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient combinatorial optimization, but their scalability depends on update synchronization, hardware delay, and architectural cost. In this work, we establish a…

We introduce a novel, biologically plausible local learning rule that provably increases the robustness of neural dynamics to noise in nonlinear recurrent neural networks with homogeneous nonlinearities. Our learning rule achieves higher…

Probabilistic computing has emerged as a viable approach to treat optimization problems. To achieve superior computing performance, the key aspect during computation is massive sampling and tuning on the probability states of each…

The transistor celebrated its 75${}^\text{th}$ birthday in 2022. The continued scaling of the transistor defined by Moore's Law continues, albeit at a slower pace. Meanwhile, computing demands and energy consumption required by modern…

Synaptic connections in neuronal circuits are modulated by pre- and post-synaptic spiking activity. Heuristic models of this process of synaptic plasticity can provide excellent fits to results from in-vitro experiments in which pre- and…

Recently, there has been growing interest in unconventional computing as an approach for solving NP-hard problems, by developing dedicated hardware to find solutions more efficiently than conventional CPUs. In many of these approaches,…

The common feature of nearly all logic and memory devices is that they make use of stable units to represent 0's and 1's. A completely different paradigm is based on three-terminal stochastic units which could be called "p-bits", where the…

Probabilistic computing is an emerging quantum-inspired computing paradigm capable of solving combinatorial optimization and various other classes of computationally hard problems. In this work, we present pc-COP, an efficient and…

We introduce the concept of a probabilistic or p-bit, intermediate between the standard bits of digital electronics and the emerging q-bits of quantum computing. We show that low barrier magnets or LBM's provide a natural physical…