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Inference is crucial in modern astronomical research, where hidden astrophysical features and patterns are often estimated from indirect and noisy measurements. Inferring the posterior of hidden features, conditioned on the observed…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-29 He Sun , Katherine L. Bouman , Paul Tiede , Jason J. Wang , Sarah Blunt , Dimitri Mawet

Black holes hold a tremendous discovery potential. In this paper the extent to which the Event Horizon Telescope and its next generation upgrade can resolve their structure is quantified. Black holes are characterized by a perfectly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-16 Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Vitor Cardoso , Ziri Younsi

The horizon-scale images of supermassive black holes (BHs) by the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (EHT) have provided new opportunities to test general relativity and other theories of gravity. In view of future projects, such as the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-12 Akhil Uniyal , Indu K. Dihingia , Yosuke Mizuno , Luciano Rezzolla

Black hole images obtained by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) by the Event Horizon Telescope are a new tool for testing general relativity in super-strong gravitational fields. These images demonstrated a ring-like structure which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-06 S. V. Chernov , M. A. Shchurov , I. I. Bulygin , A. G. Rudnitskiy

Deep learning can be used to drastically decrease the processing time of parameter estimation for coalescing binaries of compact objects including black holes and neutron stars detected in gravitational waves (GWs). As a first step, we…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-28 Alistair McLeod , Daniel Jacobs , Chayan Chatterjee , Linqing Wen , Fiona Panther

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) provides a unique opportunity to probe the physics of supermassive black holes through Very Large Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), such as the existence of the event horizon, the accretion processes as well…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-12 Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , Dominik R. G. Schleicher , Neil Nagar , Fu-Guo Xie , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan

Reconstructing images from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of M87*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy M87, depends on a prior to impose desired image statistics. However, given the impossibility of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-12 Berthy T. Feng , Katherine L. Bouman , William T. Freeman

We propose a new imaging technique for radio and optical/infrared interferometry. The proposed technique reconstructs the image from the visibility amplitude and closure phase, which are standard data products of short-millimeter very long…

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a millimeter very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that has imaged the apparent shadows of the supermassive black holes M87* and Sagittarius A*. Polarimetric data from these observations contain…

The advent of high-fidelity imaging of supermassive black holes calls for efficient and robust data-analysis methods. In this work, we use $\texttt{Jipole}$, a differentiable, $\texttt{ipole}$-based radiative transfer code, to enable…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-15 Pedro Naethe Motta , Mário Raia Neto , Cora Prather , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño

Deep learning methods have played a more and more important role in hyperspectral image classification. However, the general deep learning methods mainly take advantage of the information of sample itself or the pairwise information between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Zhiqiang Gong , Weidong Hu , Xiaoyong Du , Ping Zhong , Panhe Hu

Light passing near a black hole can follow multiple paths from an emission source to an observer due to strong gravitational lensing. Photons following different paths take different amounts of time to reach the observer, which produces an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-25 George N. Wong , Lia Medeiros , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , James M Stone

We develop a fully numerical framework to compute and visualize the \emph{hypershadow}\cite{Novo:2024wyn}, the three-dimensional generalization of the black hole shadow in five-dimensional spacetimes. Our method is based on backward ray…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-06 Jianzhi Yang

We study synchrotron polarization in spatially resolved horizon-scale images, such as those produced by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). In both general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations as well as simplified models of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-29 George N. Wong , Andrew Chael , Alexandru Lupsasca , Eliot Quataert

We present a new reconstruction of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) image of the M87 black hole from the 2017 data set. We use PRIMO, a novel dictionary-learning based algorithm that uses high-fidelity simulations of accreting black holes…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-14 Lia Medeiros , Dimitrios Psaltis , Tod R. Lauer , Feryal Ozel

In Hezaveh et al. 2017 we showed that deep learning can be used for model parameter estimation and trained convolutional neural networks to determine the parameters of strong gravitational lensing systems. Here we demonstrate a method for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Laurence Perreault Levasseur , Yashar D. Hezaveh , Risa H. Wechsler

Gravitational waves provide a unique opportunity to test general relativity in the strong-field regime, enabling the extraction of key physical parameters from observational data. Traditional likelihood-based inference methods, while…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-24 Akash K Mishra

Recent advancements in observational techniques have led to new tests of the general relativistic predictions for black-hole spacetimes in the strong-field regime. One of the key ingredients for several tests is a metric that allows for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-22 Dirk Heumann , Dimitrios Psaltis

The images of the supermassive black holes Sgr A* and M87* by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration mark a special milestone in the history of the subject. For the first time we are able to see the shadow of black holes, testing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-02 Heino Falcke

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration has recently published the first horizon-scale images of the supermassive black holes M87* and Sgr A* and provided some first information on the physical conditions in their vicinity. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-20 Kotaro Moriyama , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yosuke Mizuno , Christian M. Fromm , Antonios Nathanail , Luciano Rezzolla