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Understanding the reasoning behind deep learning model predictions is crucial in cheminformatics and drug discovery, where molecular design determines their properties. However, current evaluation frameworks for Explainable AI (XAI) in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Magdalena Proszewska , Tomasz Danel , Dawid Rymarczyk

Algorithmic solutions have significant potential to improve decision-making across various domains, from healthcare to e-commerce. However, the widespread adoption of these solutions is hindered by a critical challenge: the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zuzanna Bączek , Michał Bizoń , Aneta Pawelec , Piotr Sankowski

Recent advances in Explainable AI (XAI) increased the demand for deployment of safe and interpretable AI models in various industry sectors. Despite the latest success of deep neural networks in a variety of domains, understanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Timur Sattarov , Dayananda Herurkar , Jörn Hees

Tabular synthesis models remain ineffective at capturing complex dependencies, and the quality of synthetic data is still insufficient for comprehensive downstream tasks, such as prediction under distribution shifts, automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Ruibo Tu , Zineb Senane , Lele Cao , Cheng Zhang , Hedvig Kjellström , Gustav Eje Henter

In recent years, several models have improved the capacity to generate synthetic tabular datasets. However, such models focus on synthesizing simple columnar tables and are not useable on real-life data with complex structures. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Luca Canale , Nicolas Grislain , Grégoire Lothe , Johan Leduc

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) addresses the growing need for transparency and interpretability in AI systems, enabling trust and accountability in decision-making processes. This book offers a comprehensive guide to XAI,…

Many ML models are opaque to humans, producing decisions too complex for humans to easily understand. In response, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) tools that analyze the inner workings of a model have been created. Despite these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Kiana Alikhademi , Brianna Richardson , Emma Drobina , Juan E. Gilbert

Privacy, data quality, and data sharing concerns pose a key limitation for tabular data applications. While generating synthetic data resembling the original distribution addresses some of these issues, most applications would benefit from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Mark Vero , Mislav Balunović , Martin Vechev

Despite significant progress, evaluation of explainable artificial intelligence remains elusive and challenging. In this paper we propose a fine-grained validation framework that is not overly reliant on any one facet of these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Kacper Sokol , Julia E. Vogt

Data sharing is a prerequisite for collaborative innovation, enabling organizations to leverage diverse datasets for deeper insights. In real-world applications like FinTech and Smart Manufacturing, transactional data, often in tabular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Mengmeng Yang , Chi-Hung Chi , Kwok-Yan Lam , Jie Feng , Taolin Guo , Wei Ni

Alongside the growth of generative AI, we are witnessing a surge in the use of synthetic data across all stages of the AI development pipeline. It is now common practice for researchers and practitioners to use one large generative model…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Shivani Kapania , Stephanie Ballard , Alex Kessler , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan

In an era of rapidly advancing data-driven applications, there is a growing demand for data in both research and practice. Synthetic data have emerged as an alternative when no real data is available (e.g., due to privacy regulations).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Maria F. Davila R. , Sven Groen , Fabian Panse , Wolfram Wingerath

Recent advances in generative modelling have led many to see synthetic data as the go-to solution for a range of problems around data access, scarcity, and under-representation. In this paper, we study three prominent use cases: (1) Sharing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Bogdan Kulynych , Theresa Stadler , Jean Louis Raisaro , Carmela Troncoso

Synthetic Data is not new, but recent advances in Generative AI have raised interest in expanding the research toolbox, creating new opportunities and risks. This article provides a taxonomy of the full breadth of the Synthetic Data domain.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Richard Timpone , Yongwei Yang

In today's data-driven era, computational systems generate vast amounts of data that drive the digital transformation of industries, where Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a key role. Currently, the demand for eXplainable AI (XAI) has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Georgios Makridis , Vasileios Koukos , Georgios Fatouros , Dimosthenis Kyriazis

While data sharing is crucial for knowledge development, privacy concerns and strict regulation (e.g., European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)) limit its full effectiveness. Synthetic tabular data emerges as alternative to enable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Zilong Zhao , Aditya Kunar , Robert Birke , Lydia Y. Chen

Explainable AI (XAI) aims to address the human need for safe and reliable AI systems. However, numerous surveys emphasize the absence of a sound mathematical formalization of key XAI notions -- remarkably including the term "explanation"…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Pietro Barbiero , Stefano Fioravanti , Francesco Giannini , Alberto Tonda , Pietro Lio , Elena Di Lavore

Research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasing, aiming to make deep learning models more transparent. Most XAI methods focus on justifying the decisions made by Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems in security-relevant…

Explainable AI (XAI) has become increasingly important with the rise of large transformer models, yet many explanation methods designed for CNNs transfer poorly to Vision Transformers (ViTs). Existing ViT explanations often rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Meghna P Ayyar , Jenny Benois-Pineau , Akka Zemmari

Concerns have arisen regarding the unregulated utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) outputs, potentially leading to various societal issues. While humans routinely validate information, manually inspecting the vast volumes of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shota Aoki , Takahiro Katagiri , Satoshi Ohshima , Masatoshi Kawai , Toru Nagai , Tetsuya Hoshino