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Related papers: SAGE: A Generic Framework for LLM Safety Evaluatio…

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The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) make them increasingly compelling for adoption in real-world healthcare applications. However, the risks associated with using LLMs in medical applications have not been…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress, yet their internal mechanisms remain largely opaque, posing a significant challenge to their safe and reliable deployment. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jiaojiao Han , Wujiang Xu , Mingyu Jin , Mengnan Du

Large language models are unable to continuously adapt and learn from new data during reasoning at inference time. To address this limitation, we propose that complex reasoning tasks be decomposed into atomic subtasks and introduce SAGE, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jiacheng Wei , Faguo Wu , Xiao Zhang

Effective mental health counseling is a complex, theory-driven process requiring the simultaneous integration of psychological frameworks, real-time distress signals, and strategic intervention planning. This level of clinical reasoning is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Eliya Naomi Aharon , Meytal Grimland , Avi Segal , Loona Ben Dayan , Inbar Shenfeld , Yossi Levi Belz , Kobi Gal

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced the development of personalized learning in education. However, their inherent generation mechanisms often produce homogeneous responses to identical prompts. This one-size-fits-all mechanism…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Rui Jia , Ruiyi Lan , Fengrui Liu , Zhongxiang Dai , Bo Jiang , Jing Shao , Jingyuan Chen , Guandong Xu , Fei Wu , Min Zhang

We introduce a multi-turn benchmark for evaluating personalised alignment in LLM-based AI assistants, focusing on their ability to handle user-provided safety-critical contexts. Our assessment of ten leading models across five scenarios…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Lize Alberts , Benjamin Ellis , Andrei Lupu , Jakob Foerster

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on multilingual tasks. Given its wide range of applications, cross-cultural understanding capability is a crucial competency. However, existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Shiwei Guo , Sihang Jiang , Qianxi He , Yanghua Xiao , Jiaqing Liang , Bi Yude , Minggui He , Shimin Tao , Li Zhang

Evaluating aligned large language models' (LLMs) ability to recognize and reject unsafe user requests is crucial for safe, policy-compliant deployments. Existing evaluation efforts, however, face three limitations that we address with…

Safety evaluations of large language models (LLMs) typically focus on universal risks like dangerous capabilities or undesirable propensities. However, millions use LLMs for personal advice on high-stakes topics like finance and health,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Manon Kempermann , Sai Suresh Macharla Vasu , Mahalakshmi Raveenthiran , Theo Farrell , Ingmar Weber

We introduce Synthetic Alignment data Generation for Safety Evaluation and Red Teaming (SAGE-RT or SAGE) a novel pipeline for generating synthetic alignment and red-teaming data. Existing methods fall short in creating nuanced and diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Anurakt Kumar , Divyanshu Kumar , Jatan Loya , Nitin Aravind Birur , Tanay Baswa , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

This position paper argues for a fundamental shift in how Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated into the mental health care domain. We advocate for their role as co-creators rather than mere assistive tools. While LLMs have the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Abeer Badawi , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Jimmy Xiangji Huang , Shaina Raza , Elham Dolatabadi

Efforts to ensure the safety of large language models (LLMs) include safety fine-tuning, evaluation, and red teaming. However, despite the widespread use of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework, AI safety work focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Bang An , Shiyue Zhang , Mark Dredze

The rapid iteration cycles of modern live-service games make regression testing indispensable for maintaining quality and stability. However, existing regression testing approaches face critical limitations, especially in common gray-box…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jinyu Cai , Jialong Li , Nianyu Li , Zhenyu Mao , Mingyue Zhang , Kenji Tei

The increasing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers significant opportunities across the engineering lifecycle, including requirements engineering, software development, process optimization, and decision support. Despite this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Stefan Otten , Philipp Reis , Philipp Rigoll , Joshua Ransiek , Tobias Schürmann , Jacob Langner , Eric Sax

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing scientific research, yet its growing integration into laboratory environments presents critical safety challenges. Large language models (LLMs) and vision language models (VLMs) now assist in…

Evaluating multi-turn interactive agents is challenging due to the need for human assessment. Evaluation with simulated users has been introduced as an alternative, however existing approaches typically model generic users and overlook the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Ryan Shea , Yunan Lu , Liang Qiu , Zhou Yu

As frontier AI models are deployed globally, it is essential that their behaviour remains safe and reliable across diverse linguistic and cultural contexts. To examine how current model safeguards hold up in such settings, participants from…

The success of large language models (LLMs) in scientific domains has heightened safety concerns, prompting numerous benchmarks to evaluate their scientific safety. Existing benchmarks often suffer from limited risk coverage and a reliance…

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly deployed in real-world applications such as "digital assistants, autonomous customer service, and decision-support systems", where their ability to "interact in multi-turn,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Xueyang Zhou , Weidong Wang , Lin Lu , Jiawen Shi , Guiyao Tie , Yongtian Xu , Lixing Chen , Pan Zhou , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents increasingly interact, collaborate, and delegate tasks to one another autonomously with minimal human interaction. Industry guidelines for agentic system governance emphasize the need for users to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Georgios Syros , Anshuman Suri , Jacob Ginesin , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Alina Oprea