Related papers: Uncovering potential effects of spontaneous waves …
Prior to the onset of vision, neurons in the developing mammalian retina spontaneously fire in correlated activity patterns known as retinal waves. Experimental evidence suggests that retinal waves strongly influence the emergence of…
Computational models trained on a large amount of natural images are the state-of-the-art to study human vision - usually adult vision. Computational models of infant vision and its further development are gaining more and more attention in…
In this paper we present a novel model of the primary visual cortex (V1) based on orientation, frequency and phase selective behavior of the V1 simple cells. We start from the first level mechanisms of visual perception: receptive profiles.…
Spiral waves are spatial-temporal patterns that can emerge in different systems as heart tissues, chemical oscillators, ecological networks and the brain. These waves have been identified in the neocortex of turtles, rats, and humans,…
The visual system is hierarchically organized to process visual information in successive stages. Neural representations vary drastically across the first stages of visual processing: at the output of the retina, ganglion cell receptive…
Understanding how the brain learns can be advanced by investigating biologically plausible learning rules -- those that obey known biological constraints, such as locality, to serve as valid brain learning models. Yet, many studies overlook…
Traveling waves of neural activity emerge in cortical networks both spontaneously and in response to stimuli. The spatiotemporal structure of waves can indicate the information they encode and the physiological processes that sustain them.…
Based on a biophysical model of retinal Starburst Amacrine Cell (SAC) \cite{karvouniari-gil-etal:19} we analyse here the dynamics of retinal waves, arising during the visual system development. Waves are induced by spontaneous bursting of…
Large-scale functional networks have been extensively studied using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. However, the pattern, organization, and function of fine-scale network activity remain largely unknown. Here we…
Traveling waves are commonly observed across the brain. While previous studies have suggested the role of traveling waves in learning, the mechanism is still unclear. We adopted a computational approach to investigate the effect of…
Sparse coding algorithms trained on natural images can accurately predict the features that excite visual cortical neurons, but it is not known whether such codes can be learned using biologically realistic plasticity rules. We have…
During early development, waves of activity propagate across the retina and play a key role in the proper wiring of the early visual system. During the stage II these waves are triggered by a transient network of neurons, called Starburst…
The brain encodes external stimuli through patterns of neural activity, forming internal representations of the world. Recent experiments show that neural representations for a given stimulus change over time. However, the mechanistic…
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is an eye disorder primarily affecting premature infants with lower weights. It causes proliferation of vessels in the retina and could result in vision loss and, eventually, retinal detachment, leading to…
The human visual system has a hierarchical structure consisting of layers of processing, such as the retina, V1, V2, etc. Understanding the functional roles of these visual processing layers would help to integrate the psychophysiological…
From the proliferative mechanisms generating neurons from progenitor cells to neuron migration and synaptic connection formation, several vicissitudes culminate in the mature brain. Both component loss and gain remain ubiquitous during…
Orientation selectivity is a remarkable feature of the neurons located in the primary visual cortex. Provided that the visual neurons acquire orientation selectivity through activity-dependent Hebbian learning, the development process could…
In many normative theories of synaptic plasticity, weight updates implicitly depend on the chosen parametrization of the weights. This problem relates, for example, to neuronal morphology: synapses which are functionally equivalent in terms…
The synaptic connectivity of cortical networks features an overrepresentation of certain wiring motifs compared to simple random-network models. This structure is shaped, in part, by synaptic plasticity that promotes or suppresses…
Mathematical modeling has broad applications in neuroscience whether modeling the dynamics of a single synapse or an entire network of neurons. In Part I, we model vesicle replenishment and release at the photoreceptor synapse to better…