Related papers: Uncovering potential effects of spontaneous waves …
During embryonic morpho-genesis, a collection of individual neurons turns into a functioning network with unique capabilities. Only recently has this most staggering example of emergent process in the natural world, began to be studied.…
Learning is based on synaptic plasticity, which affects and is driven by neural activity. Because pre- and postsynaptic spiking activity is shaped by randomness, the synaptic weights follow a stochastic process, requiring a probabilistic…
To understand possible strategies of temporal spike coding in the central nervous system, we study functional neuromimetic models of visual processing for static images. We will first present the retinal model which was introduced by Van…
Our visual system is astonishingly efficient at detecting moving objects. This process is mediated by the neurons which connect the primary visual cortex (V1) to the middle temporal (MT) area. Interestingly, since Kuffler's pioneering…
Learning in artificial neural networks usually relies on continuous, externally driven weight updates, in which parameters are modified at every step in response to incoming data, error signals or reward feedback. In this setting, routine…
The architecture of iso-orientation domains in the primary visual cortex of placental carnivores and primates apparently follows species invariant quantitative laws. Dynamical optimization models assuming that neurons coordinate their…
Neurons in the primary visual cortex are more or less selective for the orientation of a light bar used for stimulation. A broad distribution of individual grades of orientation selectivity has in fact been reported in all species. A…
The mapping between visual inputs on the retina and neuronal activations in the visual cortex, i.e., retinotopic map, is an essential topic in vision science and neuroscience. Human retinotopic maps can be revealed by analyzing the…
Synaptic plasticity dynamically shapes the connectivity of neural systems and is key to learning processes in the brain. To what extent the mechanisms of plasticity can be exploited to drive a neural network and make it perform some kind of…
Understanding how receptive fields emerge and organize within brain networks and how neural dynamics couple with stimuli space is fundamental to neuroscience. Models often rely on fine-tuning connectivity to match empirical data, which may…
The structure of the axon-dendrite connections of neurons of the brain creates a rich spatial structure in which provided various combinations of signals surrounding neurons. Structure of dendritic trees and shape of dendritic spines allow…
Primary visual cortex (V1) is the first stage of cortical image processing, and a major effort in systems neuroscience is devoted to understanding how it encodes information about visual stimuli. Within V1, many neurons respond selectively…
The process through which humans perceive and learn visual representations in dynamic environments is highly complex. From a structural perspective, the human eye decouples the functions of cone and rod cells: cones are primarily…
We consider a fully-connected network of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with spike-timing-dependent plasticity. The plasticity is controlled by a parameter representing the expected weight of a synapse between neurons that are firing…
The human brain's synapses have remarkable activity-dependent plasticity, where the connectivity patterns of neurons change dramatically, relying on neuronal activities. As a biologically inspired neural network, reservoir computing (RC)…
We aim to understand the formation of abnormal waves of activity from myocardial regions with diminished cell-to-cell coupling. In route to this goal, we studied the behavior of a heterogeneous myocyte network in which a sharp coupling…
A substantial amount of time and energy has been invested to develop machine vision using connectionist (neural network) principles. Most of that work has been inspired by theories advanced by neuroscientists and behaviorists for how…
Many cortical areas increase in size considerably during postnatal development, progressively displacing neuronal cell bodies from each other. At present, little is known about how cortical growth affects the development of neuronal…
Synaptic connections between neurons in the brain are dynamic because of continuously ongoing spine dynamics, axonal sprouting, and other processes. In fact, it was recently shown that the spontaneous synapse-autonomous component of spine…
Synthetic reverberating activity patterns are experimentally generated by stimulation of a subset of neurons embedded in a spontaneously active network of cortical cells in-vitro. The neurons are artificially connected by means of…