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We explore the use of tools from Riemannian geometry for the analysis of symmetric positive definite matrices (SPD). An SPD matrix is a versatile data representation that is commonly used in chemical engineering (e.g.,…

Applications · Statistics 2022-03-24 Alexander Smith , Benjamin Laubach , Ivan Castillo , Victor M. Zavala

Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices have become popular to encode image information. Accounting for the geometry of the Riemannian manifold of SPD matrices has proven key to the success of many algorithms. However, most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-12-16 Sadeep Jayasumana , Richard Hartley , Mathieu Salzmann , Hongdong Li , Mehrtash Harandi

Recent research has shown that alignment between the structure of graph data and the geometry of an embedding space is crucial for learning high-quality representations of the data. The uniform geometry of Euclidean and hyperbolic spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Wei Zhao , Federico Lopez , J. Maxwell Riestenberg , Michael Strube , Diaaeldin Taha , Steve Trettel

In this paper, we consider data acquired by multimodal sensors capturing complementary aspects and features of a measured phenomenon. We focus on a scenario in which the measurements share mutual sources of variability but might also be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Ori Katz , Roy R. Lederman , Ronen Talmon

Recent studies have shown that aggregating convolutional features of a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can obtain impressive performance for a variety of visual tasks. The symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrix becomes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Zhi Gao , Yuwei Wu , Xingyuan Bu , Yunde Jia

Mental and cognitive representations are believed to reside on low-dimensional, non-linear manifolds embedded within high-dimensional brain activity. Uncovering these manifolds is key to understanding individual differences in brain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Eloy Geenjaar , Vince Calhoun

Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices have been widely used for data representation in many visual recognition tasks. The success mainly attributes to learning discriminative SPD matrices with encoding the Riemannian geometry of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-18 Zhiwu Huang , Ruiping Wang , Xianqiu Li , Wenxian Liu , Shiguang Shan , Luc Van Gool , Xilin Chen

In many real-world applications data exhibits non-stationarity, i.e., its distribution changes over time. One approach to handling non-stationarity is to remove or minimize it before attempting to analyze the data. In the context of brain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-26 Inbal Horev , Florian Yger , Masashi Sugiyama

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in modeling graph-structured data, while Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer high energy efficiency through sparse, event-driven computation. However, existing spiking…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bowen Zhang , Genan Dai , Hu Huang , Long Lan

Graphs are ubiquitous, and learning on graphs has become a cornerstone in artificial intelligence and data mining communities. Unlike pixel grids in images or sequential structures in language, graphs exhibit a typical non-Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Li Sun , Qiqi Wan , Suyang Zhou , Zhenhao Huang , Philip S. Yu

An important task in image processing and neuroimaging is to extract quantitative information from the acquired images in order to make observations about the presence of disease or markers of development in populations. Having a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Camilo Bermudez , Andrew J. Plassard , Larry T. Davis , Allen T. Newton , Susan M Resnick , Bennett A. Landman

Embedding graphs in continous spaces is a key factor in designing and developing algorithms for automatic information extraction to be applied in diverse tasks (e.g., learning, inferring, predicting). The reliability of graph embeddings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Andrea Marinoni , Pietro Lio' , Alessandro Barp , Christian Jutten , Mark Girolami

Metric learning has been shown to be highly effective to improve the performance of nearest neighbor classification. In this paper, we address the problem of metric learning for Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices such as covariance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-13 Florian Yger , Masashi Sugiyama

Symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices used as feature descriptors in image recognition are usually high dimensional. Traditional manifold learning is only applicable for reducing the dimension of high-dimensional vector-form data. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Yangyang Li , Ruqian Lu

Learning the manifold structure of remote sensing images is of paramount relevance for modeling and understanding processes, as well as to encapsulate the high dimensionality in a reduced set of informative features for subsequent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Gulsen Taskin , Gustau Camps-Valls

Neuroimaging has profoundly enhanced our understanding of the human brain by characterizing its structure, function, and connectivity through modalities like MRI, fMRI, EEG, and PET. These technologies have enabled major breakthroughs…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-16 Jian Kang , Thomas Nichols , Lexin Li , Martin A. Lindquist , Hongtu Zhu

Similarity measures are widely used to interpret the representational geometries used by neural networks to solve tasks. Yet, because existing methods compare the extrinsic geometry of representations in state space, rather than their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 N Alex Cayco-Gajic , Arthur Pellegrino

The integration of Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices into deep learning has historically relied on fixed algebraic Riemannian metrics. Analogous to hand-crafted features in classical machine learning, these static formulations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Tushar Das , Subrata Dutta , Sarmistha Neogy , Koushlendra Kumar Singh

Machine learning provides a valuable tool for analyzing high-dimensional functional neuroimaging data, and is proving effective in predicting various neurological conditions, psychiatric disorders, and cognitive patterns. In functional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Anwar Said , Roza G. Bayrak , Tyler Derr , Mudassir Shabbir , Daniel Moyer , Catie Chang , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices arising from functional connectivity analysis of neuroimaging data can be endowed with a Riemannian geometric structure that standard methods fail to respect. While existing R packages provide some…

Computation · Statistics 2025-11-12 Nicolas Escobar-Velasquez