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During the post-merger regime of a binary black hole merger, the gravitational wave signal consists of a superposition of quasi-normal modes (QNMs) of the remnant black hole. It has been observed empirically, primarily through numerical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-22 A. Ribes Metidieri , B. Bonga , B. Krishnan

The gravitational waves emitted by a perturbed black hole ringing down are well described by damped sinusoids, whose frequencies are those of quasinormal modes. Typically, first-order black hole perturbation theory is used to calculate…

We report evidence for nonlinear modes in the ringdown stage of the gravitational waveform produced by the merger of two comparable-mass black holes. We consider both the coalescence of black hole binaries in quasicircular orbits and…

It is possible to infer the mass and spin of the remnant black hole from binary black hole mergers by comparing the ringdown gravitational wave signal to results from studies of perturbed Kerr spacetimes. Typically these studies are based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-13 Matthew Giesler , Maximiliano Isi , Mark Scheel , Saul Teukolsky

The nonlinear nature of general relativity manifests prominently throughout the merger of two black holes, from the inspiral phase to the final ringdown. Notably, the quasi-normal modes generated during the ringdown phase display…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-13 A. Kehagias , A. Riotto

The "ringdown" radiation emitted by oscillating black holes has great scientific potential. By carefully predicting the frequencies and amplitudes of black hole quasinormal modes and comparing them with gravitational-wave data from compact…

The ringdown signal emitted during a binary black hole coalescence can be modeled as a linear superposition of the characteristic damped modes of the remnant black hole that get excited during the merger phase. While checking the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-17 Xisco Jiménez Forteza , Swetha Bhagwat , Sumit Kumar , Paolo Pani

We present the frequency-domain quasi-circular precessing binary-black-hole model PhenomXPNR. This model combines the most precise available post-Newtonian description of the evolution of the precession dynamics through inspiral with…

We propose a new way of analyzing, and analytically representing, the ringdown part of the gravitational wave signal emitted by coalescing black hole binaries.By contrast with the usual {\it linear} decomposition of the multipolar complex…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Thibault Damour , Alessandro Nagar

The ringdown signal following a black hole (BH) merger can be modeled as a superposition of BH quasinormal modes (QNMs), offering a clean setup for testing gravitational theories. In particular, detecting multiple QNMs enables consistency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-17 Soichiro Morisaki , Hayato Motohashi , Motoki Suzuki , Daiki Watarai

The measurement of multiple ringdown modes in gravitational waves from binary black hole mergers will allow for testing fundamental properties of black holes in General Relativity, and to constrain modified theories of gravity. To enhance…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-26 Huan Yang , Kent Yagi , Jonathan Blackman , Luis Lehner , Vasileios Paschalidis , Frans Pretorius , Nicolas Yunes

Several improvements in numerical methods and gauge choice are presented that make it possible now to perform simulations of the merger and ringdown phases of "generic" binary black-hole evolutions using the pseudo-spectral evolution code…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Béla Szilágyi , Lee Lindblom , Mark A. Scheel

Merger gravitational waves from binary black hole coalescence carry rich information about the underlying spacetime dynamics. We analyze merger waves from comparable-mass and extreme-mass-ratio binaries, obtained from numerical relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-12 Naritaka Oshita , Sizheng Ma , Yanbei Chen , Huan Yang

Quasinormal modes are excited during the ringdown phase of black holes after merger. Determination of quasinormal modes of rapidly rotating black holes in alternative theories of gravity has remained a challenge for a long time. Here we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-06 Jose Luis Blázquez-Salcedo , Fech Scen Khoo , Burkhard Kleihaus , Jutta Kunz

The ringdown phase of a black hole formed from the merger of two orbiting black holes is described by means of the close-limit (CL) approximation starting from second-post-Newtonian (2PN) initial conditions. The 2PN metric of point-particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-29 Alexandre Le Tiec , Luc Blanchet

Black hole ringdowns in extensions of General Relativity (GR) generically exhibit two distinct signatures: (1) theory-dependent shifts in the standard black-hole quasinormal modes, and (2) additional modes arising from extra fundamental…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-11 Francesco Crescimbeni , Xisco Jimenez-Forteza , Paolo Pani

An accurate and precise measurement of the spins of individual merging black holes is required to understand their origin. While previous studies have indicated that most of the spin information comes from the inspiral part of the signal,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-17 Sylvia Biscoveanu , Maximiliano Isi , Vijay Varma , Salvatore Vitale

The direct discovery of gravitational waves from compact binary systems leads for the first time to explore the possibility of black hole spectroscopy. Newly formed black holes produced by coalescing events are copious emitters of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-24 Andrea Maselli , Kostas Kokkotas , Pablo Laguna

The recent first detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from binary black hole mergers has spurred a renewed interest in possible deviations from General Relativity (GR), since they could be detected in the GWs emitted by such systems. Of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-03 Hugo Roussille

The merger of colliding black holes (BHs) should lead to the production of ringdown or quasinormal modes (QNMs), which may very well be sensitive to the state of the interior. We put this idea to the test with a recent proposal that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-27 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved , K. Yagi