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A typical system of k difference (or differential) equations can be compressed, or folded into a difference (or ordinary differential) equation of order k. Such foldings appear in control theory as the canonical forms of the controllability…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-03-18 H. Sedaghat

The question how complex systems become more organized and efficient with time is open. Examples are, the formation of elementary particles from pure energy, the formation of atoms from particles, the formation of stars and galaxies, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-01-17 Georgi Georgiev , Atanu Chatterjee , Germano Iannacchione

In this paper we introduce a new neural architecture for sorting unordered sequences where the correct sequence order is not easily defined but must rather be inferred from training data. We refer to this architecture as OrderNet and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Robert Porter

The structure of all the permutations of a sequence can be represented as a permutohedron, a graph where vertices are permutations and two vertices are linked if a swap of adjacent elements in the permutation of one of the vertices produces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho

We introduce a class of first-order methods for smooth constrained optimization that are based on an analogy to non-smooth dynamical systems. Two distinctive features of our approach are that (i) projections or optimizations over the entire…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Michael Muehlebach , Michael I. Jordan

We study an optimization problem related to the approximation of given data by a linear combination of transformed modes. In the simplest case, the optimization problem reduces to a minimization problem well-studied in the context of proper…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-12 Felix Black , Philipp Schulze , Benjamin Unger

Learning-based planners leveraging Graph Neural Networks can learn search guidance applicable to large search spaces, yet their potential to address symmetries remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we introduce a graph representation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yingbin Bai , Sylvie Thiebaux , Felipe Trevizan

When iteratively solving linear systems By=b with Hermitian positive semi-definite $B$, and in particular when solving least-squares problems for $Ax=b$ by reformulating them as $AA^\ast y=b$, it is often observed that SOR-type methods…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-07-21 Peter Oswald , Weiqi Zhou

I have argued elsewhere that second order logic provides a foundation for mathematics much in the same way as set theory does, despite the fact that the former is second order and the latter first order, but second order logic is marred by…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Jouko Väänänen

We study a version of the randomized Kaczmarz algorithm for solving systems of linear equations where the iterates are confined to the solution space of a selected subsystem. We show that the subspace constraint leads to an accelerated…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Jackie Lok , Elizaveta Rebrova

Gradient-based methods are widely used to solve various optimization problems, however, they are either constrained by local optima dilemmas, simple convex constraints, and continuous differentiability requirements, or limited to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Ming Li

We study the foundations of variational inference, which frames posterior inference as an optimisation problem, for probabilistic programming. The dominant approach for optimisation in practice is stochastic gradient descent. In particular,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Basim Khajwal , C. -H. Luke Ong , Dominik Wagner

Reduced order models play an important role in the design, optimization and control of dynamical systems. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the application of data-driven techniques for model reduction that can…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-02-23 Carlos J. G. Rojas , Andreas Dengel , Mateus Dias Ribeiro

We propose an unsupervised approach for learning vertex orderings for the maximum clique problem by framing it within a permutation-based framework. We transform the combinatorial constraints into geometric relationships such that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Yimeng Min , Carla P. Gomes

We introduce the algorithm ExpoSort, a groundbreaking method that sorts an array of $n$ numbers in a spectacularly inefficient $\Theta(2^n)$ time. ExpoSort proudly claims the title of the first reluctant algorithm to decisively surpass the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Mikkel Abrahamsen

In this work of thesis we introduce and study a new family of sorting devices, which we call pattern-avoiding machines. They consist of two stacks in series, equipped with a greedy procedure. On both stacks we impose a static constraint in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-10 Giulio Cerbai

We introduce an algorithm to determine when a sorting operation, such as stack-sort or bubble-sort, outputs a given pattern. The algorithm provides a new proof of the description of West-2-stack-sortable permutations, that is permutations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-13 Anders Claesson , Henning Úlfarsson

This work studies constrained stochastic optimization problems where the objective and constraint functions are convex and expressed as compositions of stochastic functions. The problem arises in the context of fair classification, fair…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Srujan Teja Thomdapu , Harshvardhan , Ketan Rajawat

Random reshuffling, which randomly permutes the dataset each epoch, is widely adopted in model training because it yields faster convergence than with-replacement sampling. Recent studies indicate greedily chosen data orderings can further…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Yucheng Lu , Wentao Guo , Christopher De Sa

We give the first sorting algorithm with bounds in terms of higher-order entropies: let $S$ be a sequence of length $m$ containing $n$ distinct elements and let (H_\ell (S)) be the $\ell$th-order empirical entropy of $S$, with (n^{\ell + 1}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Travis Gagie