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Photonic neural networks capable of rapid programming are indispensable to realize many functionalities. Phase change technology can provide nonvolatile programmability in photonic neural networks. Integrating direct laser writing technique…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-17 Sanaz Zarei

Spatial modulation of electron beams is an essential tool for various applications such as nanolithography and imaging, yet its implementations are severely limited and inherently non-tunable. Conversely, light-driven electron spatial…

Phase-change materials (PCMs) can switch between different crystalline states as a function of an external bias, offering a pronounced change of their dielectric function. In order to take full advantage of these features for active…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-26 Sergey Lepeshov , Alex Krasnok , Andrea Alù

Two-dimensional photonic crystal membranes provide a versatile planar architecture for integrated photonics to control the propagation of light on a chip employing high quality optical cavities, waveguides, beamsplitters or dispersive…

We propose here a new platform for a realization of novel nonvolatile optical switching devices that takes an advantage of high field confinement provided by plasmonics and multi-state programming capabilities of chalcogenide phase change…

Optics · Physics 2021-12-20 Jacek Gosciniak

Photonic crystal slabs are the state of the art in studies for the light confinement, optical wave modulating and guiding, as well as nonlinear optical response. Previous studies have shown abundant real-world implementations of photonic…

Electrically tunable optical devices present diverse functionalities for manipulating electromagnetic waves by leveraging elements capable of reversibly switching between different optical states. This adaptability in adjusting their…

Monolithic integration of novel materials for unprecedented device functions without modifying the existing photonic component library is the key to advancing heterogeneous silicon photonic integrated circuits. To achieve this, the…

Photonic crystal membranes (PCM) provide a versatile planar platform for on-chip implementations of photonic quantum circuits. One prominent quantum element is a coupled system consisting of a nanocavity and a single quantum dot (QD) which…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-05-15 Daniel A. Fuhrmann , Susanna M. Thon , Hyochul Kim , Dirk Bouwmeester , Pierre M. Petroff , Achim Wixforth , Hubert J. Krenner

Programmable photonic integrated circuits are expected to play an increasingly important role to enable high-bandwidth optical interconnects, and large-scale in-memory computing as needed to support the rise of artificial intelligence and…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-11 Jayita Dutta , Rui Chen , Virat Tara , Arka MAjumdar

Spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) is the optical nonlinear process and is a result of spatially varying refractive index profile along the line of propagation in a medium. SSPM is proved to be a method to demonstrate different photonic…

An optical equivalent of the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is of great interest to large-scale photonic integrated circuits. Previous programmable photonic devices relying on the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effect…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Peipeng Xu , Jiajiu Zheng , Jonathan Doylend , Arka Majumdar

We show how to control spatial quantum correlations in a multimode degenerate optical parametric oscillator type I below threshold by introducing a spatially inhomogeneous medium, such as a photonic crystal, in the plane perpendicular to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-06 M. A. Garcia-March , M. M. De Castro , R. Zambrini

In the last decade phase change materials (PCM) research has switched from practical application in optical data storage toward electrical phase change random access memory technologies (PCRAM). As these devices are commercialised, we…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-21 Robert E. Simpson , Tun Cao

Energy-efficient programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are the cornerstone of on-chip classical and quantum optical technologies. Optical phase shifters constitute the fundamental building blocks which enable these programmable…

Programmable optical devices provide performance enhancement and flexibility to spatial multiplexing systems enabling transmission of tributaries in high-order eigenmodes of spatially-diverse transmission media, like multimode fiber (MMF).…

Photocatalysis in atomically thin semiconductors is often limited by rapid electron-hole recombination, making it difficult to translate favorable band structures into efficient chemical function. Here we propose symmetry-defined periodic…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-09 Qun Yang , Di Luo , Prineha Narang

Neuromorphic photonics has recently emerged as a promising hardware accelerator, with significant potential speed and energy advantages over digital electronics, for machine learning algorithms such as neural networks of various types.…

Optics · Physics 2021-01-27 Changming Wu , Heshan Yu , Seokhyeong Lee , Ruoming Peng , Ichiro Takeuchi , Mo Li

Optical metasurfaces composed of metallic or dielectric scatterers (meta-atoms) promise a powerful way of tailoring light-matter interactions. Phase-change materials (PCMs) are prime candidates for non-volatile resonance tuning of…

As photonic systems progress toward enhanced miniaturization, dynamic reconfigurability, and improved energy efficiency, a central challenge endures: the accurate and independent control of optical losses and resonant properties on…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-30 Shahab Ramezanpour , Amr Helmy